ZoneMinder is a free, open source Closed-circuit television software
application developed for Unix-like operating systems which supports
IP, USB and Analog cameras.
New installs
============
ZoneMinder requires a MySQL (or MySQL forks) database backend and
a http server, capable to execute PHP and CGI scripts.
To simplify things, we assume, that you use MySQL and NGINX on
the same server.
1. Preliminary steps
1.1 Install databases/mysql56-server or newer
You may choose your favourite method - ports or packages here.
FreeBSD default setting use STRICT_TRANS_TABLES sql_mode. It's mandatory to disable it. Edit your my.cnf accordingly
The following SQL mode should be compatible with ZM:
sql_mode= NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
ZoneMinder use very simple queries, however it tends to write to
the database quite a lot depending on your capture mode and number
of cameras. So tweak your MySQL instance accordantly
Now, enable and start MySQL
sysrc mysql_server_enable="YES"
service mysql-server start
1.2 Install www/nginx
We provide an example for an HTTP install, however, you should use
HTTPS if you plan to expose your installation to the public. There
are plenty guides how to do it and security/letsencrypt.sh is a
good way to get a valid SSL certificate.
Your server block should include the following:
server {
root /usr/local/www/zoneminder;
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
index index.php;
location = /cgi-bin/nph-zms {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap/fcgiwrap.sock;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
}
location /api {
rewrite ^/api/(.+)$ /api/index.php?p=$1 last;
}
}
1.2.1 ZoneMinder has it's own authentication system, however it's recommend to use NGINX basic
auth over HTTPS if you don't need fine grain control to ZoneMinder components.
1.2.2 If you choose ZoneMinder authentication, it's recommended to prohibit access to
image and events folder as it's possible to guess file names inside it.
location ~ ^/(?:images|events)/ {
deny all;
}
Enable and start NGINX
sysrc nginx_enable="YES"
service nginx start
1.3 Install www/fcgiwrap
As NGINX lacks it's own CGI wrapper, we need external one. Please
note that ZoneMinder's montage page use simultaneous access to all
cameras, so you need to use at least as many fcgiwrap workers as
your number of cameras. The following example assumes you have 4.
Enable and start FcgiWrap
sysrc fcgiwrap_enable="YES"
sysrc fcgiwrap_user="www"
sysrc fcgiwrap_flags="-c 4"
1.4 PHP is installed as a dependency to ZoneMinder. However, you should
tweak some of it's settings.
Edit /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf and set
listen = /var/run/php-fpm.sock
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
If you want to set another path for the socket file, make sure you
change it in your NGINX config well. The env[PATH] needs to be set
to locate the zip utility as ZoneMinder's export functions rely on
exec(). Sorry, chroot folks.
PHP throws warning if date.timezone option is not set. The best place
to do it is to create new ini file in /usr/local/etc/php with overrides
date.timezone = "UTC"
Enable and start php-fpm
sysrc php_fpm_enable="YES"
service php-fpm start
1.5 ZoneMinder constantly keeps the last N frames from its cameras to
preserve them when alarm occurs. This can be a performance hog if
placed on spindle drive. The best practice is put it on tmpfs.
See https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tmpfs for more
information.
ZoneMinder will use /tmp for default. If you plan to change it, see
ZM_PATH_MAP setting.
Mapping /tmp to tmpfs is actually a recommended step under FreeBSD.
Edit /etc/fstab and add the following:
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,nosuid,mode=01777 0 0
The size of temporary files depends on your number of cameras
number and frames you plan to keep. My 12 3Mbit cameras with 25
last frames consumes 6 GB.
2. ZoneMinder installation
Connect to MySQL under root and create zm user and populate database.
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE zm;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON zm.* TO 'zmuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'zmpass';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
quit;
mysql -u root -p zm < /usr/local/share/zoneminder/db/zm_create.sql
2.1 If you have chosen to change the ZoneMinder MySQL credentials to something
other than zmuser/zmpass then you must now edit /usr/local/etc/zm.conf. Change
ZM_DB_USER and ZM_DB_PASS to the values you created in the previous step.
Enable and start ZoneMinder
sysrc zoneminder_enable="YES"
service zoneminder start
Upgrades
========
1. Stop ZoneMinder
service zoneminder stop
2. Upgrade database
sudo -u www zmupdate.pl
3. Start ZoneMinder
service zoneminder start
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