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linux-hardened/mm/slub.c
Linus Torvalds 0f47c9423c Merge branch 'slab/for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux 
Pull slab changes from Pekka Enberg:
 "The bulk of the changes are more slab unification from Christoph.

  There's also few fixes from Aaron, Glauber, and Joonsoo thrown into
  the mix."

* 'slab/for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/linux: (24 commits)
  mm, slab_common: Fix bootstrap creation of kmalloc caches
  slab: Return NULL for oversized allocations
  mm: slab: Verify the nodeid passed to ____cache_alloc_node
  slub: tid must be retrieved from the percpu area of the current processor
  slub: Do not dereference NULL pointer in node_match
  slub: add 'likely' macro to inc_slabs_node()
  slub: correct to calculate num of acquired objects in get_partial_node()
  slub: correctly bootstrap boot caches
  mm/sl[au]b: correct allocation type check in kmalloc_slab()
  slab: Fixup CONFIG_PAGE_ALLOC/DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK sections
  slab: Handle ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN correctly
  slab: Common definition for kmem_cache_node
  slab: Rename list3/l3 to node
  slab: Common Kmalloc cache determination
  stat: Use size_t for sizes instead of unsigned
  slab: Common function to create the kmalloc array
  slab: Common definition for the array of kmalloc caches
  slab: Common constants for kmalloc boundaries
  slab: Rename nodelists to node
  slab: Common name for the per node structures
  ...
2013-05-07 08:42:20 -07:00

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/*
* SLUB: A slab allocator that limits cache line use instead of queuing
* objects in per cpu and per node lists.
*
* The allocator synchronizes using per slab locks or atomic operatios
* and only uses a centralized lock to manage a pool of partial slabs.
*
* (C) 2007 SGI, Christoph Lameter
* (C) 2011 Linux Foundation, Christoph Lameter
*/
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/swap.h> /* struct reclaim_state */
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/bit_spinlock.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "slab.h"
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/kmemcheck.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/debugobjects.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/memory.h>
#include <linux/math64.h>
#include <linux/fault-inject.h>
#include <linux/stacktrace.h>
#include <linux/prefetch.h>
#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
#include <trace/events/kmem.h>
#include "internal.h"
/*
* Lock order:
* 1. slab_mutex (Global Mutex)
* 2. node->list_lock
* 3. slab_lock(page) (Only on some arches and for debugging)
*
* slab_mutex
*
* The role of the slab_mutex is to protect the list of all the slabs
* and to synchronize major metadata changes to slab cache structures.
*
* The slab_lock is only used for debugging and on arches that do not
* have the ability to do a cmpxchg_double. It only protects the second
* double word in the page struct. Meaning
* A. page->freelist -> List of object free in a page
* B. page->counters -> Counters of objects
* C. page->frozen -> frozen state
*
* If a slab is frozen then it is exempt from list management. It is not
* on any list. The processor that froze the slab is the one who can
* perform list operations on the page. Other processors may put objects
* onto the freelist but the processor that froze the slab is the only
* one that can retrieve the objects from the page's freelist.
*
* The list_lock protects the partial and full list on each node and
* the partial slab counter. If taken then no new slabs may be added or
* removed from the lists nor make the number of partial slabs be modified.
* (Note that the total number of slabs is an atomic value that may be
* modified without taking the list lock).
*
* The list_lock is a centralized lock and thus we avoid taking it as
* much as possible. As long as SLUB does not have to handle partial
* slabs, operations can continue without any centralized lock. F.e.
* allocating a long series of objects that fill up slabs does not require
* the list lock.
* Interrupts are disabled during allocation and deallocation in order to
* make the slab allocator safe to use in the context of an irq. In addition
* interrupts are disabled to ensure that the processor does not change
* while handling per_cpu slabs, due to kernel preemption.
*
* SLUB assigns one slab for allocation to each processor.
* Allocations only occur from these slabs called cpu slabs.
*
* Slabs with free elements are kept on a partial list and during regular
* operations no list for full slabs is used. If an object in a full slab is
* freed then the slab will show up again on the partial lists.
* We track full slabs for debugging purposes though because otherwise we
* cannot scan all objects.
*
* Slabs are freed when they become empty. Teardown and setup is
* minimal so we rely on the page allocators per cpu caches for
* fast frees and allocs.
*
* Overloading of page flags that are otherwise used for LRU management.
*
* PageActive The slab is frozen and exempt from list processing.
* This means that the slab is dedicated to a purpose
* such as satisfying allocations for a specific
* processor. Objects may be freed in the slab while
* it is frozen but slab_free will then skip the usual
* list operations. It is up to the processor holding
* the slab to integrate the slab into the slab lists
* when the slab is no longer needed.
*
* One use of this flag is to mark slabs that are
* used for allocations. Then such a slab becomes a cpu
* slab. The cpu slab may be equipped with an additional
* freelist that allows lockless access to
* free objects in addition to the regular freelist
* that requires the slab lock.
*
* PageError Slab requires special handling due to debug
* options set. This moves slab handling out of
* the fast path and disables lockless freelists.
*/
static inline int kmem_cache_debug(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
return unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_FLAGS);
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
/*
* Issues still to be resolved:
*
* - Support PAGE_ALLOC_DEBUG. Should be easy to do.
*
* - Variable sizing of the per node arrays
*/
/* Enable to test recovery from slab corruption on boot */
#undef SLUB_RESILIENCY_TEST
/* Enable to log cmpxchg failures */
#undef SLUB_DEBUG_CMPXCHG
/*
* Mininum number of partial slabs. These will be left on the partial
* lists even if they are empty. kmem_cache_shrink may reclaim them.
*/
#define MIN_PARTIAL 5
/*
* Maximum number of desirable partial slabs.
* The existence of more partial slabs makes kmem_cache_shrink
* sort the partial list by the number of objects in the.
*/
#define MAX_PARTIAL 10
#define DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RED_ZONE | \
SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER)
/*
* Debugging flags that require metadata to be stored in the slab. These get
* disabled when slub_debug=O is used and a cache's min order increases with
* metadata.
*/
#define DEBUG_METADATA_FLAGS (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER)
/*
* Set of flags that will prevent slab merging
*/
#define SLUB_NEVER_MERGE (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON | SLAB_STORE_USER | \
SLAB_TRACE | SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_NOLEAKTRACE | \
SLAB_FAILSLAB)
#define SLUB_MERGE_SAME (SLAB_DEBUG_FREE | SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | \
SLAB_CACHE_DMA | SLAB_NOTRACK)
#define OO_SHIFT 16
#define OO_MASK ((1 << OO_SHIFT) - 1)
#define MAX_OBJS_PER_PAGE 32767 /* since page.objects is u15 */
/* Internal SLUB flags */
#define __OBJECT_POISON 0x80000000UL /* Poison object */
#define __CMPXCHG_DOUBLE 0x40000000UL /* Use cmpxchg_double */
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
static struct notifier_block slab_notifier;
#endif
/*
* Tracking user of a slab.
*/
#define TRACK_ADDRS_COUNT 16
struct track {
unsigned long addr; /* Called from address */
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
unsigned long addrs[TRACK_ADDRS_COUNT]; /* Called from address */
#endif
int cpu; /* Was running on cpu */
int pid; /* Pid context */
unsigned long when; /* When did the operation occur */
};
enum track_item { TRACK_ALLOC, TRACK_FREE };
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *);
static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *, const char *);
static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *);
static void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s);
#else
static inline int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s) { return 0; }
static inline int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *p)
{ return 0; }
static inline void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
static inline void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s) { }
#endif
static inline void stat(const struct kmem_cache *s, enum stat_item si)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
__this_cpu_inc(s->cpu_slab->stat[si]);
#endif
}
/********************************************************************
* Core slab cache functions
*******************************************************************/
static inline struct kmem_cache_node *get_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
{
return s->node[node];
}
/* Verify that a pointer has an address that is valid within a slab page */
static inline int check_valid_pointer(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct page *page, const void *object)
{
void *base;
if (!object)
return 1;
base = page_address(page);
if (object < base || object >= base + page->objects * s->size ||
(object - base) % s->size) {
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
static inline void *get_freepointer(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
return *(void **)(object + s->offset);
}
static void prefetch_freepointer(const struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
prefetch(object + s->offset);
}
static inline void *get_freepointer_safe(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
void *p;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
probe_kernel_read(&p, (void **)(object + s->offset), sizeof(p));
#else
p = get_freepointer(s, object);
#endif
return p;
}
static inline void set_freepointer(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object, void *fp)
{
*(void **)(object + s->offset) = fp;
}
/* Loop over all objects in a slab */
#define for_each_object(__p, __s, __addr, __objects) \
for (__p = (__addr); __p < (__addr) + (__objects) * (__s)->size;\
__p += (__s)->size)
/* Determine object index from a given position */
static inline int slab_index(void *p, struct kmem_cache *s, void *addr)
{
return (p - addr) / s->size;
}
static inline size_t slab_ksize(const struct kmem_cache *s)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
/*
* Debugging requires use of the padding between object
* and whatever may come after it.
*/
if (s->flags & (SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_POISON))
return s->object_size;
#endif
/*
* If we have the need to store the freelist pointer
* back there or track user information then we can
* only use the space before that information.
*/
if (s->flags & (SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_STORE_USER))
return s->inuse;
/*
* Else we can use all the padding etc for the allocation
*/
return s->size;
}
static inline int order_objects(int order, unsigned long size, int reserved)
{
return ((PAGE_SIZE << order) - reserved) / size;
}
static inline struct kmem_cache_order_objects oo_make(int order,
unsigned long size, int reserved)
{
struct kmem_cache_order_objects x = {
(order << OO_SHIFT) + order_objects(order, size, reserved)
};
return x;
}
static inline int oo_order(struct kmem_cache_order_objects x)
{
return x.x >> OO_SHIFT;
}
static inline int oo_objects(struct kmem_cache_order_objects x)
{
return x.x & OO_MASK;
}
/*
* Per slab locking using the pagelock
*/
static __always_inline void slab_lock(struct page *page)
{
bit_spin_lock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
}
static __always_inline void slab_unlock(struct page *page)
{
__bit_spin_unlock(PG_locked, &page->flags);
}
/* Interrupts must be disabled (for the fallback code to work right) */
static inline bool __cmpxchg_double_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *freelist_old, unsigned long counters_old,
void *freelist_new, unsigned long counters_new,
const char *n)
{
VM_BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE) && \
defined(CONFIG_HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE)
if (s->flags & __CMPXCHG_DOUBLE) {
if (cmpxchg_double(&page->freelist, &page->counters,
freelist_old, counters_old,
freelist_new, counters_new))
return 1;
} else
#endif
{
slab_lock(page);
if (page->freelist == freelist_old && page->counters == counters_old) {
page->freelist = freelist_new;
page->counters = counters_new;
slab_unlock(page);
return 1;
}
slab_unlock(page);
}
cpu_relax();
stat(s, CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_FAIL);
#ifdef SLUB_DEBUG_CMPXCHG
printk(KERN_INFO "%s %s: cmpxchg double redo ", n, s->name);
#endif
return 0;
}
static inline bool cmpxchg_double_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *freelist_old, unsigned long counters_old,
void *freelist_new, unsigned long counters_new,
const char *n)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE) && \
defined(CONFIG_HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE)
if (s->flags & __CMPXCHG_DOUBLE) {
if (cmpxchg_double(&page->freelist, &page->counters,
freelist_old, counters_old,
freelist_new, counters_new))
return 1;
} else
#endif
{
unsigned long flags;
local_irq_save(flags);
slab_lock(page);
if (page->freelist == freelist_old && page->counters == counters_old) {
page->freelist = freelist_new;
page->counters = counters_new;
slab_unlock(page);
local_irq_restore(flags);
return 1;
}
slab_unlock(page);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
cpu_relax();
stat(s, CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_FAIL);
#ifdef SLUB_DEBUG_CMPXCHG
printk(KERN_INFO "%s %s: cmpxchg double redo ", n, s->name);
#endif
return 0;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
/*
* Determine a map of object in use on a page.
*
* Node listlock must be held to guarantee that the page does
* not vanish from under us.
*/
static void get_map(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, unsigned long *map)
{
void *p;
void *addr = page_address(page);
for (p = page->freelist; p; p = get_freepointer(s, p))
set_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map);
}
/*
* Debug settings:
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON
static int slub_debug = DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
#else
static int slub_debug;
#endif
static char *slub_debug_slabs;
static int disable_higher_order_debug;
/*
* Object debugging
*/
static void print_section(char *text, u8 *addr, unsigned int length)
{
print_hex_dump(KERN_ERR, text, DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS, 16, 1, addr,
length, 1);
}
static struct track *get_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
enum track_item alloc)
{
struct track *p;
if (s->offset)
p = object + s->offset + sizeof(void *);
else
p = object + s->inuse;
return p + alloc;
}
static void set_track(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object,
enum track_item alloc, unsigned long addr)
{
struct track *p = get_track(s, object, alloc);
if (addr) {
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
struct stack_trace trace;
int i;
trace.nr_entries = 0;
trace.max_entries = TRACK_ADDRS_COUNT;
trace.entries = p->addrs;
trace.skip = 3;
save_stack_trace(&trace);
/* See rant in lockdep.c */
if (trace.nr_entries != 0 &&
trace.entries[trace.nr_entries - 1] == ULONG_MAX)
trace.nr_entries--;
for (i = trace.nr_entries; i < TRACK_ADDRS_COUNT; i++)
p->addrs[i] = 0;
#endif
p->addr = addr;
p->cpu = smp_processor_id();
p->pid = current->pid;
p->when = jiffies;
} else
memset(p, 0, sizeof(struct track));
}
static void init_tracking(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
return;
set_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE, 0UL);
set_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC, 0UL);
}
static void print_track(const char *s, struct track *t)
{
if (!t->addr)
return;
printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: %s in %pS age=%lu cpu=%u pid=%d\n",
s, (void *)t->addr, jiffies - t->when, t->cpu, t->pid);
#ifdef CONFIG_STACKTRACE
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < TRACK_ADDRS_COUNT; i++)
if (t->addrs[i])
printk(KERN_ERR "\t%pS\n", (void *)t->addrs[i]);
else
break;
}
#endif
}
static void print_tracking(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
{
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
return;
print_track("Allocated", get_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC));
print_track("Freed", get_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE));
}
static void print_page_info(struct page *page)
{
printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: Slab 0x%p objects=%u used=%u fp=0x%p flags=0x%04lx\n",
page, page->objects, page->inuse, page->freelist, page->flags);
}
static void slab_bug(struct kmem_cache *s, char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list args;
char buf[100];
va_start(args, fmt);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
va_end(args);
printk(KERN_ERR "========================================"
"=====================================\n");
printk(KERN_ERR "BUG %s (%s): %s\n", s->name, print_tainted(), buf);
printk(KERN_ERR "----------------------------------------"
"-------------------------------------\n\n");
add_taint(TAINT_BAD_PAGE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
}
static void slab_fix(struct kmem_cache *s, char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list args;
char buf[100];
va_start(args, fmt);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
va_end(args);
printk(KERN_ERR "FIX %s: %s\n", s->name, buf);
}
static void print_trailer(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, u8 *p)
{
unsigned int off; /* Offset of last byte */
u8 *addr = page_address(page);
print_tracking(s, p);
print_page_info(page);
printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: Object 0x%p @offset=%tu fp=0x%p\n\n",
p, p - addr, get_freepointer(s, p));
if (p > addr + 16)
print_section("Bytes b4 ", p - 16, 16);
print_section("Object ", p, min_t(unsigned long, s->object_size,
PAGE_SIZE));
if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
print_section("Redzone ", p + s->object_size,
s->inuse - s->object_size);
if (s->offset)
off = s->offset + sizeof(void *);
else
off = s->inuse;
if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
off += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
if (off != s->size)
/* Beginning of the filler is the free pointer */
print_section("Padding ", p + off, s->size - off);
dump_stack();
}
static void object_err(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
u8 *object, char *reason)
{
slab_bug(s, "%s", reason);
print_trailer(s, page, object);
}
static void slab_err(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list args;
char buf[100];
va_start(args, fmt);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
va_end(args);
slab_bug(s, "%s", buf);
print_page_info(page);
dump_stack();
}
static void init_object(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object, u8 val)
{
u8 *p = object;
if (s->flags & __OBJECT_POISON) {
memset(p, POISON_FREE, s->object_size - 1);
p[s->object_size - 1] = POISON_END;
}
if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
memset(p + s->object_size, val, s->inuse - s->object_size);
}
static void restore_bytes(struct kmem_cache *s, char *message, u8 data,
void *from, void *to)
{
slab_fix(s, "Restoring 0x%p-0x%p=0x%x\n", from, to - 1, data);
memset(from, data, to - from);
}
static int check_bytes_and_report(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
u8 *object, char *what,
u8 *start, unsigned int value, unsigned int bytes)
{
u8 *fault;
u8 *end;
fault = memchr_inv(start, value, bytes);
if (!fault)
return 1;
end = start + bytes;
while (end > fault && end[-1] == value)
end--;
slab_bug(s, "%s overwritten", what);
printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: 0x%p-0x%p. First byte 0x%x instead of 0x%x\n",
fault, end - 1, fault[0], value);
print_trailer(s, page, object);
restore_bytes(s, what, value, fault, end);
return 0;
}
/*
* Object layout:
*
* object address
* Bytes of the object to be managed.
* If the freepointer may overlay the object then the free
* pointer is the first word of the object.
*
* Poisoning uses 0x6b (POISON_FREE) and the last byte is
* 0xa5 (POISON_END)
*
* object + s->object_size
* Padding to reach word boundary. This is also used for Redzoning.
* Padding is extended by another word if Redzoning is enabled and
* object_size == inuse.
*
* We fill with 0xbb (RED_INACTIVE) for inactive objects and with
* 0xcc (RED_ACTIVE) for objects in use.
*
* object + s->inuse
* Meta data starts here.
*
* A. Free pointer (if we cannot overwrite object on free)
* B. Tracking data for SLAB_STORE_USER
* C. Padding to reach required alignment boundary or at mininum
* one word if debugging is on to be able to detect writes
* before the word boundary.
*
* Padding is done using 0x5a (POISON_INUSE)
*
* object + s->size
* Nothing is used beyond s->size.
*
* If slabcaches are merged then the object_size and inuse boundaries are mostly
* ignored. And therefore no slab options that rely on these boundaries
* may be used with merged slabcaches.
*/
static int check_pad_bytes(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, u8 *p)
{
unsigned long off = s->inuse; /* The end of info */
if (s->offset)
/* Freepointer is placed after the object. */
off += sizeof(void *);
if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
/* We also have user information there */
off += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
if (s->size == off)
return 1;
return check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Object padding",
p + off, POISON_INUSE, s->size - off);
}
/* Check the pad bytes at the end of a slab page */
static int slab_pad_check(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
u8 *start;
u8 *fault;
u8 *end;
int length;
int remainder;
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_POISON))
return 1;
start = page_address(page);
length = (PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page)) - s->reserved;
end = start + length;
remainder = length % s->size;
if (!remainder)
return 1;
fault = memchr_inv(end - remainder, POISON_INUSE, remainder);
if (!fault)
return 1;
while (end > fault && end[-1] == POISON_INUSE)
end--;
slab_err(s, page, "Padding overwritten. 0x%p-0x%p", fault, end - 1);
print_section("Padding ", end - remainder, remainder);
restore_bytes(s, "slab padding", POISON_INUSE, end - remainder, end);
return 0;
}
static int check_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *object, u8 val)
{
u8 *p = object;
u8 *endobject = object + s->object_size;
if (s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
if (!check_bytes_and_report(s, page, object, "Redzone",
endobject, val, s->inuse - s->object_size))
return 0;
} else {
if ((s->flags & SLAB_POISON) && s->object_size < s->inuse) {
check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Alignment padding",
endobject, POISON_INUSE, s->inuse - s->object_size);
}
}
if (s->flags & SLAB_POISON) {
if (val != SLUB_RED_ACTIVE && (s->flags & __OBJECT_POISON) &&
(!check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Poison", p,
POISON_FREE, s->object_size - 1) ||
!check_bytes_and_report(s, page, p, "Poison",
p + s->object_size - 1, POISON_END, 1)))
return 0;
/*
* check_pad_bytes cleans up on its own.
*/
check_pad_bytes(s, page, p);
}
if (!s->offset && val == SLUB_RED_ACTIVE)
/*
* Object and freepointer overlap. Cannot check
* freepointer while object is allocated.
*/
return 1;
/* Check free pointer validity */
if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, get_freepointer(s, p))) {
object_err(s, page, p, "Freepointer corrupt");
/*
* No choice but to zap it and thus lose the remainder
* of the free objects in this slab. May cause
* another error because the object count is now wrong.
*/
set_freepointer(s, p, NULL);
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
static int check_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
int maxobj;
VM_BUG_ON(!irqs_disabled());
if (!PageSlab(page)) {
slab_err(s, page, "Not a valid slab page");
return 0;
}
maxobj = order_objects(compound_order(page), s->size, s->reserved);
if (page->objects > maxobj) {
slab_err(s, page, "objects %u > max %u",
s->name, page->objects, maxobj);
return 0;
}
if (page->inuse > page->objects) {
slab_err(s, page, "inuse %u > max %u",
s->name, page->inuse, page->objects);
return 0;
}
/* Slab_pad_check fixes things up after itself */
slab_pad_check(s, page);
return 1;
}
/*
* Determine if a certain object on a page is on the freelist. Must hold the
* slab lock to guarantee that the chains are in a consistent state.
*/
static int on_freelist(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *search)
{
int nr = 0;
void *fp;
void *object = NULL;
unsigned long max_objects;
fp = page->freelist;
while (fp && nr <= page->objects) {
if (fp == search)
return 1;
if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, fp)) {
if (object) {
object_err(s, page, object,
"Freechain corrupt");
set_freepointer(s, object, NULL);
break;
} else {
slab_err(s, page, "Freepointer corrupt");
page->freelist = NULL;
page->inuse = page->objects;
slab_fix(s, "Freelist cleared");
return 0;
}
break;
}
object = fp;
fp = get_freepointer(s, object);
nr++;
}
max_objects = order_objects(compound_order(page), s->size, s->reserved);
if (max_objects > MAX_OBJS_PER_PAGE)
max_objects = MAX_OBJS_PER_PAGE;
if (page->objects != max_objects) {
slab_err(s, page, "Wrong number of objects. Found %d but "
"should be %d", page->objects, max_objects);
page->objects = max_objects;
slab_fix(s, "Number of objects adjusted.");
}
if (page->inuse != page->objects - nr) {
slab_err(s, page, "Wrong object count. Counter is %d but "
"counted were %d", page->inuse, page->objects - nr);
page->inuse = page->objects - nr;
slab_fix(s, "Object count adjusted.");
}
return search == NULL;
}
static void trace(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *object,
int alloc)
{
if (s->flags & SLAB_TRACE) {
printk(KERN_INFO "TRACE %s %s 0x%p inuse=%d fp=0x%p\n",
s->name,
alloc ? "alloc" : "free",
object, page->inuse,
page->freelist);
if (!alloc)
print_section("Object ", (void *)object, s->object_size);
dump_stack();
}
}
/*
* Hooks for other subsystems that check memory allocations. In a typical
* production configuration these hooks all should produce no code at all.
*/
static inline int slab_pre_alloc_hook(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags)
{
flags &= gfp_allowed_mask;
lockdep_trace_alloc(flags);
might_sleep_if(flags & __GFP_WAIT);
return should_failslab(s->object_size, flags, s->flags);
}
static inline void slab_post_alloc_hook(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, void *object)
{
flags &= gfp_allowed_mask;
kmemcheck_slab_alloc(s, flags, object, slab_ksize(s));
kmemleak_alloc_recursive(object, s->object_size, 1, s->flags, flags);
}
static inline void slab_free_hook(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x)
{
kmemleak_free_recursive(x, s->flags);
/*
* Trouble is that we may no longer disable interupts in the fast path
* So in order to make the debug calls that expect irqs to be
* disabled we need to disable interrupts temporarily.
*/
#if defined(CONFIG_KMEMCHECK) || defined(CONFIG_LOCKDEP)
{
unsigned long flags;
local_irq_save(flags);
kmemcheck_slab_free(s, x, s->object_size);
debug_check_no_locks_freed(x, s->object_size);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
#endif
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS))
debug_check_no_obj_freed(x, s->object_size);
}
/*
* Tracking of fully allocated slabs for debugging purposes.
*
* list_lock must be held.
*/
static void add_full(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page)
{
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
return;
list_add(&page->lru, &n->full);
}
/*
* list_lock must be held.
*/
static void remove_full(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
return;
list_del(&page->lru);
}
/* Tracking of the number of slabs for debugging purposes */
static inline unsigned long slabs_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
return atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs);
}
static inline unsigned long node_nr_slabs(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{
return atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs);
}
static inline void inc_slabs_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node, int objects)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
/*
* May be called early in order to allocate a slab for the
* kmem_cache_node structure. Solve the chicken-egg
* dilemma by deferring the increment of the count during
* bootstrap (see early_kmem_cache_node_alloc).
*/
if (likely(n)) {
atomic_long_inc(&n->nr_slabs);
atomic_long_add(objects, &n->total_objects);
}
}
static inline void dec_slabs_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node, int objects)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
atomic_long_dec(&n->nr_slabs);
atomic_long_sub(objects, &n->total_objects);
}
/* Object debug checks for alloc/free paths */
static void setup_object_debug(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *object)
{
if (!(s->flags & (SLAB_STORE_USER|SLAB_RED_ZONE|__OBJECT_POISON)))
return;
init_object(s, object, SLUB_RED_INACTIVE);
init_tracking(s, object);
}
static noinline int alloc_debug_processing(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *object, unsigned long addr)
{
if (!check_slab(s, page))
goto bad;
if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object)) {
object_err(s, page, object, "Freelist Pointer check fails");
goto bad;
}
if (!check_object(s, page, object, SLUB_RED_INACTIVE))
goto bad;
/* Success perform special debug activities for allocs */
if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
set_track(s, object, TRACK_ALLOC, addr);
trace(s, page, object, 1);
init_object(s, object, SLUB_RED_ACTIVE);
return 1;
bad:
if (PageSlab(page)) {
/*
* If this is a slab page then lets do the best we can
* to avoid issues in the future. Marking all objects
* as used avoids touching the remaining objects.
*/
slab_fix(s, "Marking all objects used");
page->inuse = page->objects;
page->freelist = NULL;
}
return 0;
}
static noinline struct kmem_cache_node *free_debug_processing(
struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *object,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long *flags)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, *flags);
slab_lock(page);
if (!check_slab(s, page))
goto fail;
if (!check_valid_pointer(s, page, object)) {
slab_err(s, page, "Invalid object pointer 0x%p", object);
goto fail;
}
if (on_freelist(s, page, object)) {
object_err(s, page, object, "Object already free");
goto fail;
}
if (!check_object(s, page, object, SLUB_RED_ACTIVE))
goto out;
if (unlikely(s != page->slab_cache)) {
if (!PageSlab(page)) {
slab_err(s, page, "Attempt to free object(0x%p) "
"outside of slab", object);
} else if (!page->slab_cache) {
printk(KERN_ERR
"SLUB <none>: no slab for object 0x%p.\n",
object);
dump_stack();
} else
object_err(s, page, object,
"page slab pointer corrupt.");
goto fail;
}
if (s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
set_track(s, object, TRACK_FREE, addr);
trace(s, page, object, 0);
init_object(s, object, SLUB_RED_INACTIVE);
out:
slab_unlock(page);
/*
* Keep node_lock to preserve integrity
* until the object is actually freed
*/
return n;
fail:
slab_unlock(page);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, *flags);
slab_fix(s, "Object at 0x%p not freed", object);
return NULL;
}
static int __init setup_slub_debug(char *str)
{
slub_debug = DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
if (*str++ != '=' || !*str)
/*
* No options specified. Switch on full debugging.
*/
goto out;
if (*str == ',')
/*
* No options but restriction on slabs. This means full
* debugging for slabs matching a pattern.
*/
goto check_slabs;
if (tolower(*str) == 'o') {
/*
* Avoid enabling debugging on caches if its minimum order
* would increase as a result.
*/
disable_higher_order_debug = 1;
goto out;
}
slub_debug = 0;
if (*str == '-')
/*
* Switch off all debugging measures.
*/
goto out;
/*
* Determine which debug features should be switched on
*/
for (; *str && *str != ','; str++) {
switch (tolower(*str)) {
case 'f':
slub_debug |= SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
break;
case 'z':
slub_debug |= SLAB_RED_ZONE;
break;
case 'p':
slub_debug |= SLAB_POISON;
break;
case 'u':
slub_debug |= SLAB_STORE_USER;
break;
case 't':
slub_debug |= SLAB_TRACE;
break;
case 'a':
slub_debug |= SLAB_FAILSLAB;
break;
default:
printk(KERN_ERR "slub_debug option '%c' "
"unknown. skipped\n", *str);
}
}
check_slabs:
if (*str == ',')
slub_debug_slabs = str + 1;
out:
return 1;
}
__setup("slub_debug", setup_slub_debug);
static unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long object_size,
unsigned long flags, const char *name,
void (*ctor)(void *))
{
/*
* Enable debugging if selected on the kernel commandline.
*/
if (slub_debug && (!slub_debug_slabs ||
!strncmp(slub_debug_slabs, name, strlen(slub_debug_slabs))))
flags |= slub_debug;
return flags;
}
#else
static inline void setup_object_debug(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct page *page, void *object) {}
static inline int alloc_debug_processing(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct page *page, void *object, unsigned long addr) { return 0; }
static inline struct kmem_cache_node *free_debug_processing(
struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *object,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long *flags) { return NULL; }
static inline int slab_pad_check(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{ return 1; }
static inline int check_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *object, u8 val) { return 1; }
static inline void add_full(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_node *n,
struct page *page) {}
static inline void remove_full(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page) {}
static inline unsigned long kmem_cache_flags(unsigned long object_size,
unsigned long flags, const char *name,
void (*ctor)(void *))
{
return flags;
}
#define slub_debug 0
#define disable_higher_order_debug 0
static inline unsigned long slabs_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node)
{ return 0; }
static inline unsigned long node_nr_slabs(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{ return 0; }
static inline void inc_slabs_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node,
int objects) {}
static inline void dec_slabs_node(struct kmem_cache *s, int node,
int objects) {}
static inline int slab_pre_alloc_hook(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags)
{ return 0; }
static inline void slab_post_alloc_hook(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags,
void *object) {}
static inline void slab_free_hook(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x) {}
#endif /* CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG */
/*
* Slab allocation and freeing
*/
static inline struct page *alloc_slab_page(gfp_t flags, int node,
struct kmem_cache_order_objects oo)
{
int order = oo_order(oo);
flags |= __GFP_NOTRACK;
if (node == NUMA_NO_NODE)
return alloc_pages(flags, order);
else
return alloc_pages_exact_node(node, flags, order);
}
static struct page *allocate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
struct page *page;
struct kmem_cache_order_objects oo = s->oo;
gfp_t alloc_gfp;
flags &= gfp_allowed_mask;
if (flags & __GFP_WAIT)
local_irq_enable();
flags |= s->allocflags;
/*
* Let the initial higher-order allocation fail under memory pressure
* so we fall-back to the minimum order allocation.
*/
alloc_gfp = (flags | __GFP_NOWARN | __GFP_NORETRY) & ~__GFP_NOFAIL;
page = alloc_slab_page(alloc_gfp, node, oo);
if (unlikely(!page)) {
oo = s->min;
/*
* Allocation may have failed due to fragmentation.
* Try a lower order alloc if possible
*/
page = alloc_slab_page(flags, node, oo);
if (page)
stat(s, ORDER_FALLBACK);
}
if (kmemcheck_enabled && page
&& !(s->flags & (SLAB_NOTRACK | DEBUG_DEFAULT_FLAGS))) {
int pages = 1 << oo_order(oo);
kmemcheck_alloc_shadow(page, oo_order(oo), flags, node);
/*
* Objects from caches that have a constructor don't get
* cleared when they're allocated, so we need to do it here.
*/
if (s->ctor)
kmemcheck_mark_uninitialized_pages(page, pages);
else
kmemcheck_mark_unallocated_pages(page, pages);
}
if (flags & __GFP_WAIT)
local_irq_disable();
if (!page)
return NULL;
page->objects = oo_objects(oo);
mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page),
(s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) ?
NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE : NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
1 << oo_order(oo));
return page;
}
static void setup_object(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *object)
{
setup_object_debug(s, page, object);
if (unlikely(s->ctor))
s->ctor(object);
}
static struct page *new_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
struct page *page;
void *start;
void *last;
void *p;
int order;
BUG_ON(flags & GFP_SLAB_BUG_MASK);
page = allocate_slab(s,
flags & (GFP_RECLAIM_MASK | GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK), node);
if (!page)
goto out;
order = compound_order(page);
inc_slabs_node(s, page_to_nid(page), page->objects);
memcg_bind_pages(s, order);
page->slab_cache = s;
__SetPageSlab(page);
if (page->pfmemalloc)
SetPageSlabPfmemalloc(page);
start = page_address(page);
if (unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_POISON))
memset(start, POISON_INUSE, PAGE_SIZE << order);
last = start;
for_each_object(p, s, start, page->objects) {
setup_object(s, page, last);
set_freepointer(s, last, p);
last = p;
}
setup_object(s, page, last);
set_freepointer(s, last, NULL);
page->freelist = start;
page->inuse = page->objects;
page->frozen = 1;
out:
return page;
}
static void __free_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
int order = compound_order(page);
int pages = 1 << order;
if (kmem_cache_debug(s)) {
void *p;
slab_pad_check(s, page);
for_each_object(p, s, page_address(page),
page->objects)
check_object(s, page, p, SLUB_RED_INACTIVE);
}
kmemcheck_free_shadow(page, compound_order(page));
mod_zone_page_state(page_zone(page),
(s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT) ?
NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE : NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE,
-pages);
__ClearPageSlabPfmemalloc(page);
__ClearPageSlab(page);
memcg_release_pages(s, order);
page_mapcount_reset(page);
if (current->reclaim_state)
current->reclaim_state->reclaimed_slab += pages;
__free_memcg_kmem_pages(page, order);
}
#define need_reserve_slab_rcu \
(sizeof(((struct page *)NULL)->lru) < sizeof(struct rcu_head))
static void rcu_free_slab(struct rcu_head *h)
{
struct page *page;
if (need_reserve_slab_rcu)
page = virt_to_head_page(h);
else
page = container_of((struct list_head *)h, struct page, lru);
__free_slab(page->slab_cache, page);
}
static void free_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
if (unlikely(s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)) {
struct rcu_head *head;
if (need_reserve_slab_rcu) {
int order = compound_order(page);
int offset = (PAGE_SIZE << order) - s->reserved;
VM_BUG_ON(s->reserved != sizeof(*head));
head = page_address(page) + offset;
} else {
/*
* RCU free overloads the RCU head over the LRU
*/
head = (void *)&page->lru;
}
call_rcu(head, rcu_free_slab);
} else
__free_slab(s, page);
}
static void discard_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
dec_slabs_node(s, page_to_nid(page), page->objects);
free_slab(s, page);
}
/*
* Management of partially allocated slabs.
*
* list_lock must be held.
*/
static inline void add_partial(struct kmem_cache_node *n,
struct page *page, int tail)
{
n->nr_partial++;
if (tail == DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL)
list_add_tail(&page->lru, &n->partial);
else
list_add(&page->lru, &n->partial);
}
/*
* list_lock must be held.
*/
static inline void remove_partial(struct kmem_cache_node *n,
struct page *page)
{
list_del(&page->lru);
n->nr_partial--;
}
/*
* Remove slab from the partial list, freeze it and
* return the pointer to the freelist.
*
* Returns a list of objects or NULL if it fails.
*
* Must hold list_lock since we modify the partial list.
*/
static inline void *acquire_slab(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct kmem_cache_node *n, struct page *page,
int mode, int *objects)
{
void *freelist;
unsigned long counters;
struct page new;
/*
* Zap the freelist and set the frozen bit.
* The old freelist is the list of objects for the
* per cpu allocation list.
*/
freelist = page->freelist;
counters = page->counters;
new.counters = counters;
*objects = new.objects - new.inuse;
if (mode) {
new.inuse = page->objects;
new.freelist = NULL;
} else {
new.freelist = freelist;
}
VM_BUG_ON(new.frozen);
new.frozen = 1;
if (!__cmpxchg_double_slab(s, page,
freelist, counters,
new.freelist, new.counters,
"acquire_slab"))
return NULL;
remove_partial(n, page);
WARN_ON(!freelist);
return freelist;
}
static void put_cpu_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, int drain);
static inline bool pfmemalloc_match(struct page *page, gfp_t gfpflags);
/*
* Try to allocate a partial slab from a specific node.
*/
static void *get_partial_node(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_node *n,
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c, gfp_t flags)
{
struct page *page, *page2;
void *object = NULL;
int available = 0;
int objects;
/*
* Racy check. If we mistakenly see no partial slabs then we
* just allocate an empty slab. If we mistakenly try to get a
* partial slab and there is none available then get_partials()
* will return NULL.
*/
if (!n || !n->nr_partial)
return NULL;
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
list_for_each_entry_safe(page, page2, &n->partial, lru) {
void *t;
if (!pfmemalloc_match(page, flags))
continue;
t = acquire_slab(s, n, page, object == NULL, &objects);
if (!t)
break;
available += objects;
if (!object) {
c->page = page;
stat(s, ALLOC_FROM_PARTIAL);
object = t;
} else {
put_cpu_partial(s, page, 0);
stat(s, CPU_PARTIAL_NODE);
}
if (kmem_cache_debug(s) || available > s->cpu_partial / 2)
break;
}
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
return object;
}
/*
* Get a page from somewhere. Search in increasing NUMA distances.
*/
static void *get_any_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags,
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
struct zonelist *zonelist;
struct zoneref *z;
struct zone *zone;
enum zone_type high_zoneidx = gfp_zone(flags);
void *object;
unsigned int cpuset_mems_cookie;
/*
* The defrag ratio allows a configuration of the tradeoffs between
* inter node defragmentation and node local allocations. A lower
* defrag_ratio increases the tendency to do local allocations
* instead of attempting to obtain partial slabs from other nodes.
*
* If the defrag_ratio is set to 0 then kmalloc() always
* returns node local objects. If the ratio is higher then kmalloc()
* may return off node objects because partial slabs are obtained
* from other nodes and filled up.
*
* If /sys/kernel/slab/xx/defrag_ratio is set to 100 (which makes
* defrag_ratio = 1000) then every (well almost) allocation will
* first attempt to defrag slab caches on other nodes. This means
* scanning over all nodes to look for partial slabs which may be
* expensive if we do it every time we are trying to find a slab
* with available objects.
*/
if (!s->remote_node_defrag_ratio ||
get_cycles() % 1024 > s->remote_node_defrag_ratio)
return NULL;
do {
cpuset_mems_cookie = get_mems_allowed();
zonelist = node_zonelist(slab_node(), flags);
for_each_zone_zonelist(zone, z, zonelist, high_zoneidx) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
n = get_node(s, zone_to_nid(zone));
if (n && cpuset_zone_allowed_hardwall(zone, flags) &&
n->nr_partial > s->min_partial) {
object = get_partial_node(s, n, c, flags);
if (object) {
/*
* Return the object even if
* put_mems_allowed indicated that
* the cpuset mems_allowed was
* updated in parallel. It's a
* harmless race between the alloc
* and the cpuset update.
*/
put_mems_allowed(cpuset_mems_cookie);
return object;
}
}
}
} while (!put_mems_allowed(cpuset_mems_cookie));
#endif
return NULL;
}
/*
* Get a partial page, lock it and return it.
*/
static void *get_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags, int node,
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
{
void *object;
int searchnode = (node == NUMA_NO_NODE) ? numa_node_id() : node;
object = get_partial_node(s, get_node(s, searchnode), c, flags);
if (object || node != NUMA_NO_NODE)
return object;
return get_any_partial(s, flags, c);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
/*
* Calculate the next globally unique transaction for disambiguiation
* during cmpxchg. The transactions start with the cpu number and are then
* incremented by CONFIG_NR_CPUS.
*/
#define TID_STEP roundup_pow_of_two(CONFIG_NR_CPUS)
#else
/*
* No preemption supported therefore also no need to check for
* different cpus.
*/
#define TID_STEP 1
#endif
static inline unsigned long next_tid(unsigned long tid)
{
return tid + TID_STEP;
}
static inline unsigned int tid_to_cpu(unsigned long tid)
{
return tid % TID_STEP;
}
static inline unsigned long tid_to_event(unsigned long tid)
{
return tid / TID_STEP;
}
static inline unsigned int init_tid(int cpu)
{
return cpu;
}
static inline void note_cmpxchg_failure(const char *n,
const struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long tid)
{
#ifdef SLUB_DEBUG_CMPXCHG
unsigned long actual_tid = __this_cpu_read(s->cpu_slab->tid);
printk(KERN_INFO "%s %s: cmpxchg redo ", n, s->name);
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
if (tid_to_cpu(tid) != tid_to_cpu(actual_tid))
printk("due to cpu change %d -> %d\n",
tid_to_cpu(tid), tid_to_cpu(actual_tid));
else
#endif
if (tid_to_event(tid) != tid_to_event(actual_tid))
printk("due to cpu running other code. Event %ld->%ld\n",
tid_to_event(tid), tid_to_event(actual_tid));
else
printk("for unknown reason: actual=%lx was=%lx target=%lx\n",
actual_tid, tid, next_tid(tid));
#endif
stat(s, CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_CPU_FAIL);
}
static void init_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int cpu;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu)->tid = init_tid(cpu);
}
/*
* Remove the cpu slab
*/
static void deactivate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, void *freelist)
{
enum slab_modes { M_NONE, M_PARTIAL, M_FULL, M_FREE };
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
int lock = 0;
enum slab_modes l = M_NONE, m = M_NONE;
void *nextfree;
int tail = DEACTIVATE_TO_HEAD;
struct page new;
struct page old;
if (page->freelist) {
stat(s, DEACTIVATE_REMOTE_FREES);
tail = DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL;
}
/*
* Stage one: Free all available per cpu objects back
* to the page freelist while it is still frozen. Leave the
* last one.
*
* There is no need to take the list->lock because the page
* is still frozen.
*/
while (freelist && (nextfree = get_freepointer(s, freelist))) {
void *prior;
unsigned long counters;
do {
prior = page->freelist;
counters = page->counters;
set_freepointer(s, freelist, prior);
new.counters = counters;
new.inuse--;
VM_BUG_ON(!new.frozen);
} while (!__cmpxchg_double_slab(s, page,
prior, counters,
freelist, new.counters,
"drain percpu freelist"));
freelist = nextfree;
}
/*
* Stage two: Ensure that the page is unfrozen while the
* list presence reflects the actual number of objects
* during unfreeze.
*
* We setup the list membership and then perform a cmpxchg
* with the count. If there is a mismatch then the page
* is not unfrozen but the page is on the wrong list.
*
* Then we restart the process which may have to remove
* the page from the list that we just put it on again
* because the number of objects in the slab may have
* changed.
*/
redo:
old.freelist = page->freelist;
old.counters = page->counters;
VM_BUG_ON(!old.frozen);
/* Determine target state of the slab */
new.counters = old.counters;
if (freelist) {
new.inuse--;
set_freepointer(s, freelist, old.freelist);
new.freelist = freelist;
} else
new.freelist = old.freelist;
new.frozen = 0;
if (!new.inuse && n->nr_partial > s->min_partial)
m = M_FREE;
else if (new.freelist) {
m = M_PARTIAL;
if (!lock) {
lock = 1;
/*
* Taking the spinlock removes the possiblity
* that acquire_slab() will see a slab page that
* is frozen
*/
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
}
} else {
m = M_FULL;
if (kmem_cache_debug(s) && !lock) {
lock = 1;
/*
* This also ensures that the scanning of full
* slabs from diagnostic functions will not see
* any frozen slabs.
*/
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
}
}
if (l != m) {
if (l == M_PARTIAL)
remove_partial(n, page);
else if (l == M_FULL)
remove_full(s, page);
if (m == M_PARTIAL) {
add_partial(n, page, tail);
stat(s, tail);
} else if (m == M_FULL) {
stat(s, DEACTIVATE_FULL);
add_full(s, n, page);
}
}
l = m;
if (!__cmpxchg_double_slab(s, page,
old.freelist, old.counters,
new.freelist, new.counters,
"unfreezing slab"))
goto redo;
if (lock)
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
if (m == M_FREE) {
stat(s, DEACTIVATE_EMPTY);
discard_slab(s, page);
stat(s, FREE_SLAB);
}
}
/*
* Unfreeze all the cpu partial slabs.
*
* This function must be called with interrupts disabled
* for the cpu using c (or some other guarantee must be there
* to guarantee no concurrent accesses).
*/
static void unfreeze_partials(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n = NULL, *n2 = NULL;
struct page *page, *discard_page = NULL;
while ((page = c->partial)) {
struct page new;
struct page old;
c->partial = page->next;
n2 = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
if (n != n2) {
if (n)
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
n = n2;
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
}
do {
old.freelist = page->freelist;
old.counters = page->counters;
VM_BUG_ON(!old.frozen);
new.counters = old.counters;
new.freelist = old.freelist;
new.frozen = 0;
} while (!__cmpxchg_double_slab(s, page,
old.freelist, old.counters,
new.freelist, new.counters,
"unfreezing slab"));
if (unlikely(!new.inuse && n->nr_partial > s->min_partial)) {
page->next = discard_page;
discard_page = page;
} else {
add_partial(n, page, DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL);
stat(s, FREE_ADD_PARTIAL);
}
}
if (n)
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
while (discard_page) {
page = discard_page;
discard_page = discard_page->next;
stat(s, DEACTIVATE_EMPTY);
discard_slab(s, page);
stat(s, FREE_SLAB);
}
}
/*
* Put a page that was just frozen (in __slab_free) into a partial page
* slot if available. This is done without interrupts disabled and without
* preemption disabled. The cmpxchg is racy and may put the partial page
* onto a random cpus partial slot.
*
* If we did not find a slot then simply move all the partials to the
* per node partial list.
*/
static void put_cpu_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, int drain)
{
struct page *oldpage;
int pages;
int pobjects;
do {
pages = 0;
pobjects = 0;
oldpage = this_cpu_read(s->cpu_slab->partial);
if (oldpage) {
pobjects = oldpage->pobjects;
pages = oldpage->pages;
if (drain && pobjects > s->cpu_partial) {
unsigned long flags;
/*
* partial array is full. Move the existing
* set to the per node partial list.
*/
local_irq_save(flags);
unfreeze_partials(s, this_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab));
local_irq_restore(flags);
oldpage = NULL;
pobjects = 0;
pages = 0;
stat(s, CPU_PARTIAL_DRAIN);
}
}
pages++;
pobjects += page->objects - page->inuse;
page->pages = pages;
page->pobjects = pobjects;
page->next = oldpage;
} while (this_cpu_cmpxchg(s->cpu_slab->partial, oldpage, page) != oldpage);
}
static inline void flush_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
{
stat(s, CPUSLAB_FLUSH);
deactivate_slab(s, c->page, c->freelist);
c->tid = next_tid(c->tid);
c->page = NULL;
c->freelist = NULL;
}
/*
* Flush cpu slab.
*
* Called from IPI handler with interrupts disabled.
*/
static inline void __flush_cpu_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, int cpu)
{
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu);
if (likely(c)) {
if (c->page)
flush_slab(s, c);
unfreeze_partials(s, c);
}
}
static void flush_cpu_slab(void *d)
{
struct kmem_cache *s = d;
__flush_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
}
static bool has_cpu_slab(int cpu, void *info)
{
struct kmem_cache *s = info;
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu);
return c->page || c->partial;
}
static void flush_all(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
on_each_cpu_cond(has_cpu_slab, flush_cpu_slab, s, 1, GFP_ATOMIC);
}
/*
* Check if the objects in a per cpu structure fit numa
* locality expectations.
*/
static inline int node_match(struct page *page, int node)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
if (!page || (node != NUMA_NO_NODE && page_to_nid(page) != node))
return 0;
#endif
return 1;
}
static int count_free(struct page *page)
{
return page->objects - page->inuse;
}
static unsigned long count_partial(struct kmem_cache_node *n,
int (*get_count)(struct page *))
{
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long x = 0;
struct page *page;
spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru)
x += get_count(page);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
return x;
}
static inline unsigned long node_nr_objs(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
return atomic_long_read(&n->total_objects);
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
static noinline void
slab_out_of_memory(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags, int nid)
{
int node;
printk(KERN_WARNING
"SLUB: Unable to allocate memory on node %d (gfp=0x%x)\n",
nid, gfpflags);
printk(KERN_WARNING " cache: %s, object size: %d, buffer size: %d, "
"default order: %d, min order: %d\n", s->name, s->object_size,
s->size, oo_order(s->oo), oo_order(s->min));
if (oo_order(s->min) > get_order(s->object_size))
printk(KERN_WARNING " %s debugging increased min order, use "
"slub_debug=O to disable.\n", s->name);
for_each_online_node(node) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
unsigned long nr_slabs;
unsigned long nr_objs;
unsigned long nr_free;
if (!n)
continue;
nr_free = count_partial(n, count_free);
nr_slabs = node_nr_slabs(n);
nr_objs = node_nr_objs(n);
printk(KERN_WARNING
" node %d: slabs: %ld, objs: %ld, free: %ld\n",
node, nr_slabs, nr_objs, nr_free);
}
}
static inline void *new_slab_objects(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t flags,
int node, struct kmem_cache_cpu **pc)
{
void *freelist;
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = *pc;
struct page *page;
freelist = get_partial(s, flags, node, c);
if (freelist)
return freelist;
page = new_slab(s, flags, node);
if (page) {
c = __this_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab);
if (c->page)
flush_slab(s, c);
/*
* No other reference to the page yet so we can
* muck around with it freely without cmpxchg
*/
freelist = page->freelist;
page->freelist = NULL;
stat(s, ALLOC_SLAB);
c->page = page;
*pc = c;
} else
freelist = NULL;
return freelist;
}
static inline bool pfmemalloc_match(struct page *page, gfp_t gfpflags)
{
if (unlikely(PageSlabPfmemalloc(page)))
return gfp_pfmemalloc_allowed(gfpflags);
return true;
}
/*
* Check the page->freelist of a page and either transfer the freelist to the per cpu freelist
* or deactivate the page.
*
* The page is still frozen if the return value is not NULL.
*
* If this function returns NULL then the page has been unfrozen.
*
* This function must be called with interrupt disabled.
*/
static inline void *get_freelist(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page)
{
struct page new;
unsigned long counters;
void *freelist;
do {
freelist = page->freelist;
counters = page->counters;
new.counters = counters;
VM_BUG_ON(!new.frozen);
new.inuse = page->objects;
new.frozen = freelist != NULL;
} while (!__cmpxchg_double_slab(s, page,
freelist, counters,
NULL, new.counters,
"get_freelist"));
return freelist;
}
/*
* Slow path. The lockless freelist is empty or we need to perform
* debugging duties.
*
* Processing is still very fast if new objects have been freed to the
* regular freelist. In that case we simply take over the regular freelist
* as the lockless freelist and zap the regular freelist.
*
* If that is not working then we fall back to the partial lists. We take the
* first element of the freelist as the object to allocate now and move the
* rest of the freelist to the lockless freelist.
*
* And if we were unable to get a new slab from the partial slab lists then
* we need to allocate a new slab. This is the slowest path since it involves
* a call to the page allocator and the setup of a new slab.
*/
static void *__slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags, int node,
unsigned long addr, struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
{
void *freelist;
struct page *page;
unsigned long flags;
local_irq_save(flags);
#ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
/*
* We may have been preempted and rescheduled on a different
* cpu before disabling interrupts. Need to reload cpu area
* pointer.
*/
c = this_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab);
#endif
page = c->page;
if (!page)
goto new_slab;
redo:
if (unlikely(!node_match(page, node))) {
stat(s, ALLOC_NODE_MISMATCH);
deactivate_slab(s, page, c->freelist);
c->page = NULL;
c->freelist = NULL;
goto new_slab;
}
/*
* By rights, we should be searching for a slab page that was
* PFMEMALLOC but right now, we are losing the pfmemalloc
* information when the page leaves the per-cpu allocator
*/
if (unlikely(!pfmemalloc_match(page, gfpflags))) {
deactivate_slab(s, page, c->freelist);
c->page = NULL;
c->freelist = NULL;
goto new_slab;
}
/* must check again c->freelist in case of cpu migration or IRQ */
freelist = c->freelist;
if (freelist)
goto load_freelist;
stat(s, ALLOC_SLOWPATH);
freelist = get_freelist(s, page);
if (!freelist) {
c->page = NULL;
stat(s, DEACTIVATE_BYPASS);
goto new_slab;
}
stat(s, ALLOC_REFILL);
load_freelist:
/*
* freelist is pointing to the list of objects to be used.
* page is pointing to the page from which the objects are obtained.
* That page must be frozen for per cpu allocations to work.
*/
VM_BUG_ON(!c->page->frozen);
c->freelist = get_freepointer(s, freelist);
c->tid = next_tid(c->tid);
local_irq_restore(flags);
return freelist;
new_slab:
if (c->partial) {
page = c->page = c->partial;
c->partial = page->next;
stat(s, CPU_PARTIAL_ALLOC);
c->freelist = NULL;
goto redo;
}
freelist = new_slab_objects(s, gfpflags, node, &c);
if (unlikely(!freelist)) {
if (!(gfpflags & __GFP_NOWARN) && printk_ratelimit())
slab_out_of_memory(s, gfpflags, node);
local_irq_restore(flags);
return NULL;
}
page = c->page;
if (likely(!kmem_cache_debug(s) && pfmemalloc_match(page, gfpflags)))
goto load_freelist;
/* Only entered in the debug case */
if (kmem_cache_debug(s) && !alloc_debug_processing(s, page, freelist, addr))
goto new_slab; /* Slab failed checks. Next slab needed */
deactivate_slab(s, page, get_freepointer(s, freelist));
c->page = NULL;
c->freelist = NULL;
local_irq_restore(flags);
return freelist;
}
/*
* Inlined fastpath so that allocation functions (kmalloc, kmem_cache_alloc)
* have the fastpath folded into their functions. So no function call
* overhead for requests that can be satisfied on the fastpath.
*
* The fastpath works by first checking if the lockless freelist can be used.
* If not then __slab_alloc is called for slow processing.
*
* Otherwise we can simply pick the next object from the lockless free list.
*/
static __always_inline void *slab_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *s,
gfp_t gfpflags, int node, unsigned long addr)
{
void **object;
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c;
struct page *page;
unsigned long tid;
if (slab_pre_alloc_hook(s, gfpflags))
return NULL;
s = memcg_kmem_get_cache(s, gfpflags);
redo:
/*
* Must read kmem_cache cpu data via this cpu ptr. Preemption is
* enabled. We may switch back and forth between cpus while
* reading from one cpu area. That does not matter as long
* as we end up on the original cpu again when doing the cmpxchg.
*
* Preemption is disabled for the retrieval of the tid because that
* must occur from the current processor. We cannot allow rescheduling
* on a different processor between the determination of the pointer
* and the retrieval of the tid.
*/
preempt_disable();
c = __this_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab);
/*
* The transaction ids are globally unique per cpu and per operation on
* a per cpu queue. Thus they can be guarantee that the cmpxchg_double
* occurs on the right processor and that there was no operation on the
* linked list in between.
*/
tid = c->tid;
preempt_enable();
object = c->freelist;
page = c->page;
if (unlikely(!object || !node_match(page, node)))
object = __slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, node, addr, c);
else {
void *next_object = get_freepointer_safe(s, object);
/*
* The cmpxchg will only match if there was no additional
* operation and if we are on the right processor.
*
* The cmpxchg does the following atomically (without lock semantics!)
* 1. Relocate first pointer to the current per cpu area.
* 2. Verify that tid and freelist have not been changed
* 3. If they were not changed replace tid and freelist
*
* Since this is without lock semantics the protection is only against
* code executing on this cpu *not* from access by other cpus.
*/
if (unlikely(!this_cpu_cmpxchg_double(
s->cpu_slab->freelist, s->cpu_slab->tid,
object, tid,
next_object, next_tid(tid)))) {
note_cmpxchg_failure("slab_alloc", s, tid);
goto redo;
}
prefetch_freepointer(s, next_object);
stat(s, ALLOC_FASTPATH);
}
if (unlikely(gfpflags & __GFP_ZERO) && object)
memset(object, 0, s->object_size);
slab_post_alloc_hook(s, gfpflags, object);
return object;
}
static __always_inline void *slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s,
gfp_t gfpflags, unsigned long addr)
{
return slab_alloc_node(s, gfpflags, NUMA_NO_NODE, addr);
}
void *kmem_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags)
{
void *ret = slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmem_cache_alloc(_RET_IP_, ret, s->object_size, s->size, gfpflags);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACING
void *kmem_cache_alloc_trace(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags, size_t size)
{
void *ret = slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmalloc(_RET_IP_, ret, size, s->size, gfpflags);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_trace);
void *kmalloc_order_trace(size_t size, gfp_t flags, unsigned int order)
{
void *ret = kmalloc_order(size, flags, order);
trace_kmalloc(_RET_IP_, ret, size, PAGE_SIZE << order, flags);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmalloc_order_trace);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
void *kmem_cache_alloc_node(struct kmem_cache *s, gfp_t gfpflags, int node)
{
void *ret = slab_alloc_node(s, gfpflags, node, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmem_cache_alloc_node(_RET_IP_, ret,
s->object_size, s->size, gfpflags, node);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_node);
#ifdef CONFIG_TRACING
void *kmem_cache_alloc_node_trace(struct kmem_cache *s,
gfp_t gfpflags,
int node, size_t size)
{
void *ret = slab_alloc_node(s, gfpflags, node, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmalloc_node(_RET_IP_, ret,
size, s->size, gfpflags, node);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_alloc_node_trace);
#endif
#endif
/*
* Slow patch handling. This may still be called frequently since objects
* have a longer lifetime than the cpu slabs in most processing loads.
*
* So we still attempt to reduce cache line usage. Just take the slab
* lock and free the item. If there is no additional partial page
* handling required then we can return immediately.
*/
static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
void *x, unsigned long addr)
{
void *prior;
void **object = (void *)x;
int was_frozen;
struct page new;
unsigned long counters;
struct kmem_cache_node *n = NULL;
unsigned long uninitialized_var(flags);
stat(s, FREE_SLOWPATH);
if (kmem_cache_debug(s) &&
!(n = free_debug_processing(s, page, x, addr, &flags)))
return;
do {
if (unlikely(n)) {
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
n = NULL;
}
prior = page->freelist;
counters = page->counters;
set_freepointer(s, object, prior);
new.counters = counters;
was_frozen = new.frozen;
new.inuse--;
if ((!new.inuse || !prior) && !was_frozen) {
if (!kmem_cache_debug(s) && !prior)
/*
* Slab was on no list before and will be partially empty
* We can defer the list move and instead freeze it.
*/
new.frozen = 1;
else { /* Needs to be taken off a list */
n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
/*
* Speculatively acquire the list_lock.
* If the cmpxchg does not succeed then we may
* drop the list_lock without any processing.
*
* Otherwise the list_lock will synchronize with
* other processors updating the list of slabs.
*/
spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
}
}
} while (!cmpxchg_double_slab(s, page,
prior, counters,
object, new.counters,
"__slab_free"));
if (likely(!n)) {
/*
* If we just froze the page then put it onto the
* per cpu partial list.
*/
if (new.frozen && !was_frozen) {
put_cpu_partial(s, page, 1);
stat(s, CPU_PARTIAL_FREE);
}
/*
* The list lock was not taken therefore no list
* activity can be necessary.
*/
if (was_frozen)
stat(s, FREE_FROZEN);
return;
}
if (unlikely(!new.inuse && n->nr_partial > s->min_partial))
goto slab_empty;
/*
* Objects left in the slab. If it was not on the partial list before
* then add it.
*/
if (kmem_cache_debug(s) && unlikely(!prior)) {
remove_full(s, page);
add_partial(n, page, DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL);
stat(s, FREE_ADD_PARTIAL);
}
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
return;
slab_empty:
if (prior) {
/*
* Slab on the partial list.
*/
remove_partial(n, page);
stat(s, FREE_REMOVE_PARTIAL);
} else
/* Slab must be on the full list */
remove_full(s, page);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
stat(s, FREE_SLAB);
discard_slab(s, page);
}
/*
* Fastpath with forced inlining to produce a kfree and kmem_cache_free that
* can perform fastpath freeing without additional function calls.
*
* The fastpath is only possible if we are freeing to the current cpu slab
* of this processor. This typically the case if we have just allocated
* the item before.
*
* If fastpath is not possible then fall back to __slab_free where we deal
* with all sorts of special processing.
*/
static __always_inline void slab_free(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct page *page, void *x, unsigned long addr)
{
void **object = (void *)x;
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c;
unsigned long tid;
slab_free_hook(s, x);
redo:
/*
* Determine the currently cpus per cpu slab.
* The cpu may change afterward. However that does not matter since
* data is retrieved via this pointer. If we are on the same cpu
* during the cmpxchg then the free will succedd.
*/
preempt_disable();
c = __this_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab);
tid = c->tid;
preempt_enable();
if (likely(page == c->page)) {
set_freepointer(s, object, c->freelist);
if (unlikely(!this_cpu_cmpxchg_double(
s->cpu_slab->freelist, s->cpu_slab->tid,
c->freelist, tid,
object, next_tid(tid)))) {
note_cmpxchg_failure("slab_free", s, tid);
goto redo;
}
stat(s, FREE_FASTPATH);
} else
__slab_free(s, page, x, addr);
}
void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *s, void *x)
{
s = cache_from_obj(s, x);
if (!s)
return;
slab_free(s, virt_to_head_page(x), x, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmem_cache_free(_RET_IP_, x);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_free);
/*
* Object placement in a slab is made very easy because we always start at
* offset 0. If we tune the size of the object to the alignment then we can
* get the required alignment by putting one properly sized object after
* another.
*
* Notice that the allocation order determines the sizes of the per cpu
* caches. Each processor has always one slab available for allocations.
* Increasing the allocation order reduces the number of times that slabs
* must be moved on and off the partial lists and is therefore a factor in
* locking overhead.
*/
/*
* Mininum / Maximum order of slab pages. This influences locking overhead
* and slab fragmentation. A higher order reduces the number of partial slabs
* and increases the number of allocations possible without having to
* take the list_lock.
*/
static int slub_min_order;
static int slub_max_order = PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER;
static int slub_min_objects;
/*
* Merge control. If this is set then no merging of slab caches will occur.
* (Could be removed. This was introduced to pacify the merge skeptics.)
*/
static int slub_nomerge;
/*
* Calculate the order of allocation given an slab object size.
*
* The order of allocation has significant impact on performance and other
* system components. Generally order 0 allocations should be preferred since
* order 0 does not cause fragmentation in the page allocator. Larger objects
* be problematic to put into order 0 slabs because there may be too much
* unused space left. We go to a higher order if more than 1/16th of the slab
* would be wasted.
*
* In order to reach satisfactory performance we must ensure that a minimum
* number of objects is in one slab. Otherwise we may generate too much
* activity on the partial lists which requires taking the list_lock. This is
* less a concern for large slabs though which are rarely used.
*
* slub_max_order specifies the order where we begin to stop considering the
* number of objects in a slab as critical. If we reach slub_max_order then
* we try to keep the page order as low as possible. So we accept more waste
* of space in favor of a small page order.
*
* Higher order allocations also allow the placement of more objects in a
* slab and thereby reduce object handling overhead. If the user has
* requested a higher mininum order then we start with that one instead of
* the smallest order which will fit the object.
*/
static inline int slab_order(int size, int min_objects,
int max_order, int fract_leftover, int reserved)
{
int order;
int rem;
int min_order = slub_min_order;
if (order_objects(min_order, size, reserved) > MAX_OBJS_PER_PAGE)
return get_order(size * MAX_OBJS_PER_PAGE) - 1;
for (order = max(min_order,
fls(min_objects * size - 1) - PAGE_SHIFT);
order <= max_order; order++) {
unsigned long slab_size = PAGE_SIZE << order;
if (slab_size < min_objects * size + reserved)
continue;
rem = (slab_size - reserved) % size;
if (rem <= slab_size / fract_leftover)
break;
}
return order;
}
static inline int calculate_order(int size, int reserved)
{
int order;
int min_objects;
int fraction;
int max_objects;
/*
* Attempt to find best configuration for a slab. This
* works by first attempting to generate a layout with
* the best configuration and backing off gradually.
*
* First we reduce the acceptable waste in a slab. Then
* we reduce the minimum objects required in a slab.
*/
min_objects = slub_min_objects;
if (!min_objects)
min_objects = 4 * (fls(nr_cpu_ids) + 1);
max_objects = order_objects(slub_max_order, size, reserved);
min_objects = min(min_objects, max_objects);
while (min_objects > 1) {
fraction = 16;
while (fraction >= 4) {
order = slab_order(size, min_objects,
slub_max_order, fraction, reserved);
if (order <= slub_max_order)
return order;
fraction /= 2;
}
min_objects--;
}
/*
* We were unable to place multiple objects in a slab. Now
* lets see if we can place a single object there.
*/
order = slab_order(size, 1, slub_max_order, 1, reserved);
if (order <= slub_max_order)
return order;
/*
* Doh this slab cannot be placed using slub_max_order.
*/
order = slab_order(size, 1, MAX_ORDER, 1, reserved);
if (order < MAX_ORDER)
return order;
return -ENOSYS;
}
static void
init_kmem_cache_node(struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{
n->nr_partial = 0;
spin_lock_init(&n->list_lock);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&n->partial);
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
atomic_long_set(&n->nr_slabs, 0);
atomic_long_set(&n->total_objects, 0);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&n->full);
#endif
}
static inline int alloc_kmem_cache_cpus(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
BUILD_BUG_ON(PERCPU_DYNAMIC_EARLY_SIZE <
KMALLOC_SHIFT_HIGH * sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu));
/*
* Must align to double word boundary for the double cmpxchg
* instructions to work; see __pcpu_double_call_return_bool().
*/
s->cpu_slab = __alloc_percpu(sizeof(struct kmem_cache_cpu),
2 * sizeof(void *));
if (!s->cpu_slab)
return 0;
init_kmem_cache_cpus(s);
return 1;
}
static struct kmem_cache *kmem_cache_node;
/*
* No kmalloc_node yet so do it by hand. We know that this is the first
* slab on the node for this slabcache. There are no concurrent accesses
* possible.
*
* Note that this function only works on the kmalloc_node_cache
* when allocating for the kmalloc_node_cache. This is used for bootstrapping
* memory on a fresh node that has no slab structures yet.
*/
static void early_kmem_cache_node_alloc(int node)
{
struct page *page;
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
BUG_ON(kmem_cache_node->size < sizeof(struct kmem_cache_node));
page = new_slab(kmem_cache_node, GFP_NOWAIT, node);
BUG_ON(!page);
if (page_to_nid(page) != node) {
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Unable to allocate memory from "
"node %d\n", node);
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Allocating a useless per node structure "
"in order to be able to continue\n");
}
n = page->freelist;
BUG_ON(!n);
page->freelist = get_freepointer(kmem_cache_node, n);
page->inuse = 1;
page->frozen = 0;
kmem_cache_node->node[node] = n;
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
init_object(kmem_cache_node, n, SLUB_RED_ACTIVE);
init_tracking(kmem_cache_node, n);
#endif
init_kmem_cache_node(n);
inc_slabs_node(kmem_cache_node, node, page->objects);
add_partial(n, page, DEACTIVATE_TO_HEAD);
}
static void free_kmem_cache_nodes(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int node;
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = s->node[node];
if (n)
kmem_cache_free(kmem_cache_node, n);
s->node[node] = NULL;
}
}
static int init_kmem_cache_nodes(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int node;
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
if (slab_state == DOWN) {
early_kmem_cache_node_alloc(node);
continue;
}
n = kmem_cache_alloc_node(kmem_cache_node,
GFP_KERNEL, node);
if (!n) {
free_kmem_cache_nodes(s);
return 0;
}
s->node[node] = n;
init_kmem_cache_node(n);
}
return 1;
}
static void set_min_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long min)
{
if (min < MIN_PARTIAL)
min = MIN_PARTIAL;
else if (min > MAX_PARTIAL)
min = MAX_PARTIAL;
s->min_partial = min;
}
/*
* calculate_sizes() determines the order and the distribution of data within
* a slab object.
*/
static int calculate_sizes(struct kmem_cache *s, int forced_order)
{
unsigned long flags = s->flags;
unsigned long size = s->object_size;
int order;
/*
* Round up object size to the next word boundary. We can only
* place the free pointer at word boundaries and this determines
* the possible location of the free pointer.
*/
size = ALIGN(size, sizeof(void *));
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
/*
* Determine if we can poison the object itself. If the user of
* the slab may touch the object after free or before allocation
* then we should never poison the object itself.
*/
if ((flags & SLAB_POISON) && !(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU) &&
!s->ctor)
s->flags |= __OBJECT_POISON;
else
s->flags &= ~__OBJECT_POISON;
/*
* If we are Redzoning then check if there is some space between the
* end of the object and the free pointer. If not then add an
* additional word to have some bytes to store Redzone information.
*/
if ((flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) && size == s->object_size)
size += sizeof(void *);
#endif
/*
* With that we have determined the number of bytes in actual use
* by the object. This is the potential offset to the free pointer.
*/
s->inuse = size;
if (((flags & (SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU | SLAB_POISON)) ||
s->ctor)) {
/*
* Relocate free pointer after the object if it is not
* permitted to overwrite the first word of the object on
* kmem_cache_free.
*
* This is the case if we do RCU, have a constructor or
* destructor or are poisoning the objects.
*/
s->offset = size;
size += sizeof(void *);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
/*
* Need to store information about allocs and frees after
* the object.
*/
size += 2 * sizeof(struct track);
if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
/*
* Add some empty padding so that we can catch
* overwrites from earlier objects rather than let
* tracking information or the free pointer be
* corrupted if a user writes before the start
* of the object.
*/
size += sizeof(void *);
#endif
/*
* SLUB stores one object immediately after another beginning from
* offset 0. In order to align the objects we have to simply size
* each object to conform to the alignment.
*/
size = ALIGN(size, s->align);
s->size = size;
if (forced_order >= 0)
order = forced_order;
else
order = calculate_order(size, s->reserved);
if (order < 0)
return 0;
s->allocflags = 0;
if (order)
s->allocflags |= __GFP_COMP;
if (s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
s->allocflags |= GFP_DMA;
if (s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
s->allocflags |= __GFP_RECLAIMABLE;
/*
* Determine the number of objects per slab
*/
s->oo = oo_make(order, size, s->reserved);
s->min = oo_make(get_order(size), size, s->reserved);
if (oo_objects(s->oo) > oo_objects(s->max))
s->max = s->oo;
return !!oo_objects(s->oo);
}
static int kmem_cache_open(struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long flags)
{
s->flags = kmem_cache_flags(s->size, flags, s->name, s->ctor);
s->reserved = 0;
if (need_reserve_slab_rcu && (s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
s->reserved = sizeof(struct rcu_head);
if (!calculate_sizes(s, -1))
goto error;
if (disable_higher_order_debug) {
/*
* Disable debugging flags that store metadata if the min slab
* order increased.
*/
if (get_order(s->size) > get_order(s->object_size)) {
s->flags &= ~DEBUG_METADATA_FLAGS;
s->offset = 0;
if (!calculate_sizes(s, -1))
goto error;
}
}
#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE) && \
defined(CONFIG_HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE)
if (system_has_cmpxchg_double() && (s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_FLAGS) == 0)
/* Enable fast mode */
s->flags |= __CMPXCHG_DOUBLE;
#endif
/*
* The larger the object size is, the more pages we want on the partial
* list to avoid pounding the page allocator excessively.
*/
set_min_partial(s, ilog2(s->size) / 2);
/*
* cpu_partial determined the maximum number of objects kept in the
* per cpu partial lists of a processor.
*
* Per cpu partial lists mainly contain slabs that just have one
* object freed. If they are used for allocation then they can be
* filled up again with minimal effort. The slab will never hit the
* per node partial lists and therefore no locking will be required.
*
* This setting also determines
*
* A) The number of objects from per cpu partial slabs dumped to the
* per node list when we reach the limit.
* B) The number of objects in cpu partial slabs to extract from the
* per node list when we run out of per cpu objects. We only fetch 50%
* to keep some capacity around for frees.
*/
if (kmem_cache_debug(s))
s->cpu_partial = 0;
else if (s->size >= PAGE_SIZE)
s->cpu_partial = 2;
else if (s->size >= 1024)
s->cpu_partial = 6;
else if (s->size >= 256)
s->cpu_partial = 13;
else
s->cpu_partial = 30;
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
s->remote_node_defrag_ratio = 1000;
#endif
if (!init_kmem_cache_nodes(s))
goto error;
if (alloc_kmem_cache_cpus(s))
return 0;
free_kmem_cache_nodes(s);
error:
if (flags & SLAB_PANIC)
panic("Cannot create slab %s size=%lu realsize=%u "
"order=%u offset=%u flags=%lx\n",
s->name, (unsigned long)s->size, s->size, oo_order(s->oo),
s->offset, flags);
return -EINVAL;
}
static void list_slab_objects(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
const char *text)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
void *addr = page_address(page);
void *p;
unsigned long *map = kzalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(page->objects) *
sizeof(long), GFP_ATOMIC);
if (!map)
return;
slab_err(s, page, text, s->name);
slab_lock(page);
get_map(s, page, map);
for_each_object(p, s, addr, page->objects) {
if (!test_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map)) {
printk(KERN_ERR "INFO: Object 0x%p @offset=%tu\n",
p, p - addr);
print_tracking(s, p);
}
}
slab_unlock(page);
kfree(map);
#endif
}
/*
* Attempt to free all partial slabs on a node.
* This is called from kmem_cache_close(). We must be the last thread
* using the cache and therefore we do not need to lock anymore.
*/
static void free_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_node *n)
{
struct page *page, *h;
list_for_each_entry_safe(page, h, &n->partial, lru) {
if (!page->inuse) {
remove_partial(n, page);
discard_slab(s, page);
} else {
list_slab_objects(s, page,
"Objects remaining in %s on kmem_cache_close()");
}
}
}
/*
* Release all resources used by a slab cache.
*/
static inline int kmem_cache_close(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int node;
flush_all(s);
/* Attempt to free all objects */
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
free_partial(s, n);
if (n->nr_partial || slabs_node(s, node))
return 1;
}
free_percpu(s->cpu_slab);
free_kmem_cache_nodes(s);
return 0;
}
int __kmem_cache_shutdown(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int rc = kmem_cache_close(s);
if (!rc) {
/*
* We do the same lock strategy around sysfs_slab_add, see
* __kmem_cache_create. Because this is pretty much the last
* operation we do and the lock will be released shortly after
* that in slab_common.c, we could just move sysfs_slab_remove
* to a later point in common code. We should do that when we
* have a common sysfs framework for all allocators.
*/
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
sysfs_slab_remove(s);
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
}
return rc;
}
/********************************************************************
* Kmalloc subsystem
*******************************************************************/
static int __init setup_slub_min_order(char *str)
{
get_option(&str, &slub_min_order);
return 1;
}
__setup("slub_min_order=", setup_slub_min_order);
static int __init setup_slub_max_order(char *str)
{
get_option(&str, &slub_max_order);
slub_max_order = min(slub_max_order, MAX_ORDER - 1);
return 1;
}
__setup("slub_max_order=", setup_slub_max_order);
static int __init setup_slub_min_objects(char *str)
{
get_option(&str, &slub_min_objects);
return 1;
}
__setup("slub_min_objects=", setup_slub_min_objects);
static int __init setup_slub_nomerge(char *str)
{
slub_nomerge = 1;
return 1;
}
__setup("slub_nomerge", setup_slub_nomerge);
void *__kmalloc(size_t size, gfp_t flags)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
void *ret;
if (unlikely(size > KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE))
return kmalloc_large(size, flags);
s = kmalloc_slab(size, flags);
if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
return s;
ret = slab_alloc(s, flags, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmalloc(_RET_IP_, ret, size, s->size, flags);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
static void *kmalloc_large_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
struct page *page;
void *ptr = NULL;
flags |= __GFP_COMP | __GFP_NOTRACK | __GFP_KMEMCG;
page = alloc_pages_node(node, flags, get_order(size));
if (page)
ptr = page_address(page);
kmemleak_alloc(ptr, size, 1, flags);
return ptr;
}
void *__kmalloc_node(size_t size, gfp_t flags, int node)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
void *ret;
if (unlikely(size > KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE)) {
ret = kmalloc_large_node(size, flags, node);
trace_kmalloc_node(_RET_IP_, ret,
size, PAGE_SIZE << get_order(size),
flags, node);
return ret;
}
s = kmalloc_slab(size, flags);
if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
return s;
ret = slab_alloc_node(s, flags, node, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmalloc_node(_RET_IP_, ret, size, s->size, flags, node);
return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__kmalloc_node);
#endif
size_t ksize(const void *object)
{
struct page *page;
if (unlikely(object == ZERO_SIZE_PTR))
return 0;
page = virt_to_head_page(object);
if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page))) {
WARN_ON(!PageCompound(page));
return PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page);
}
return slab_ksize(page->slab_cache);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(ksize);
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
bool verify_mem_not_deleted(const void *x)
{
struct page *page;
void *object = (void *)x;
unsigned long flags;
bool rv;
if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(x)))
return false;
local_irq_save(flags);
page = virt_to_head_page(x);
if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page))) {
/* maybe it was from stack? */
rv = true;
goto out_unlock;
}
slab_lock(page);
if (on_freelist(page->slab_cache, page, object)) {
object_err(page->slab_cache, page, object, "Object is on free-list");
rv = false;
} else {
rv = true;
}
slab_unlock(page);
out_unlock:
local_irq_restore(flags);
return rv;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(verify_mem_not_deleted);
#endif
void kfree(const void *x)
{
struct page *page;
void *object = (void *)x;
trace_kfree(_RET_IP_, x);
if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(x)))
return;
page = virt_to_head_page(x);
if (unlikely(!PageSlab(page))) {
BUG_ON(!PageCompound(page));
kmemleak_free(x);
__free_memcg_kmem_pages(page, compound_order(page));
return;
}
slab_free(page->slab_cache, page, object, _RET_IP_);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kfree);
/*
* kmem_cache_shrink removes empty slabs from the partial lists and sorts
* the remaining slabs by the number of items in use. The slabs with the
* most items in use come first. New allocations will then fill those up
* and thus they can be removed from the partial lists.
*
* The slabs with the least items are placed last. This results in them
* being allocated from last increasing the chance that the last objects
* are freed in them.
*/
int kmem_cache_shrink(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int node;
int i;
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
struct page *page;
struct page *t;
int objects = oo_objects(s->max);
struct list_head *slabs_by_inuse =
kmalloc(sizeof(struct list_head) * objects, GFP_KERNEL);
unsigned long flags;
if (!slabs_by_inuse)
return -ENOMEM;
flush_all(s);
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
n = get_node(s, node);
if (!n->nr_partial)
continue;
for (i = 0; i < objects; i++)
INIT_LIST_HEAD(slabs_by_inuse + i);
spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
/*
* Build lists indexed by the items in use in each slab.
*
* Note that concurrent frees may occur while we hold the
* list_lock. page->inuse here is the upper limit.
*/
list_for_each_entry_safe(page, t, &n->partial, lru) {
list_move(&page->lru, slabs_by_inuse + page->inuse);
if (!page->inuse)
n->nr_partial--;
}
/*
* Rebuild the partial list with the slabs filled up most
* first and the least used slabs at the end.
*/
for (i = objects - 1; i > 0; i--)
list_splice(slabs_by_inuse + i, n->partial.prev);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
/* Release empty slabs */
list_for_each_entry_safe(page, t, slabs_by_inuse, lru)
discard_slab(s, page);
}
kfree(slabs_by_inuse);
return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmem_cache_shrink);
static int slab_mem_going_offline_callback(void *arg)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list)
kmem_cache_shrink(s);
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
return 0;
}
static void slab_mem_offline_callback(void *arg)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
struct kmem_cache *s;
struct memory_notify *marg = arg;
int offline_node;
offline_node = marg->status_change_nid_normal;
/*
* If the node still has available memory. we need kmem_cache_node
* for it yet.
*/
if (offline_node < 0)
return;
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
n = get_node(s, offline_node);
if (n) {
/*
* if n->nr_slabs > 0, slabs still exist on the node
* that is going down. We were unable to free them,
* and offline_pages() function shouldn't call this
* callback. So, we must fail.
*/
BUG_ON(slabs_node(s, offline_node));
s->node[offline_node] = NULL;
kmem_cache_free(kmem_cache_node, n);
}
}
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
}
static int slab_mem_going_online_callback(void *arg)
{
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
struct kmem_cache *s;
struct memory_notify *marg = arg;
int nid = marg->status_change_nid_normal;
int ret = 0;
/*
* If the node's memory is already available, then kmem_cache_node is
* already created. Nothing to do.
*/
if (nid < 0)
return 0;
/*
* We are bringing a node online. No memory is available yet. We must
* allocate a kmem_cache_node structure in order to bring the node
* online.
*/
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
/*
* XXX: kmem_cache_alloc_node will fallback to other nodes
* since memory is not yet available from the node that
* is brought up.
*/
n = kmem_cache_alloc(kmem_cache_node, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!n) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
}
init_kmem_cache_node(n);
s->node[nid] = n;
}
out:
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
return ret;
}
static int slab_memory_callback(struct notifier_block *self,
unsigned long action, void *arg)
{
int ret = 0;
switch (action) {
case MEM_GOING_ONLINE:
ret = slab_mem_going_online_callback(arg);
break;
case MEM_GOING_OFFLINE:
ret = slab_mem_going_offline_callback(arg);
break;
case MEM_OFFLINE:
case MEM_CANCEL_ONLINE:
slab_mem_offline_callback(arg);
break;
case MEM_ONLINE:
case MEM_CANCEL_OFFLINE:
break;
}
if (ret)
ret = notifier_from_errno(ret);
else
ret = NOTIFY_OK;
return ret;
}
static struct notifier_block slab_memory_callback_nb = {
.notifier_call = slab_memory_callback,
.priority = SLAB_CALLBACK_PRI,
};
/********************************************************************
* Basic setup of slabs
*******************************************************************/
/*
* Used for early kmem_cache structures that were allocated using
* the page allocator. Allocate them properly then fix up the pointers
* that may be pointing to the wrong kmem_cache structure.
*/
static struct kmem_cache * __init bootstrap(struct kmem_cache *static_cache)
{
int node;
struct kmem_cache *s = kmem_cache_zalloc(kmem_cache, GFP_NOWAIT);
memcpy(s, static_cache, kmem_cache->object_size);
/*
* This runs very early, and only the boot processor is supposed to be
* up. Even if it weren't true, IRQs are not up so we couldn't fire
* IPIs around.
*/
__flush_cpu_slab(s, smp_processor_id());
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
struct page *p;
if (n) {
list_for_each_entry(p, &n->partial, lru)
p->slab_cache = s;
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
list_for_each_entry(p, &n->full, lru)
p->slab_cache = s;
#endif
}
}
list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
return s;
}
void __init kmem_cache_init(void)
{
static __initdata struct kmem_cache boot_kmem_cache,
boot_kmem_cache_node;
if (debug_guardpage_minorder())
slub_max_order = 0;
kmem_cache_node = &boot_kmem_cache_node;
kmem_cache = &boot_kmem_cache;
create_boot_cache(kmem_cache_node, "kmem_cache_node",
sizeof(struct kmem_cache_node), SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN);
register_hotmemory_notifier(&slab_memory_callback_nb);
/* Able to allocate the per node structures */
slab_state = PARTIAL;
create_boot_cache(kmem_cache, "kmem_cache",
offsetof(struct kmem_cache, node) +
nr_node_ids * sizeof(struct kmem_cache_node *),
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN);
kmem_cache = bootstrap(&boot_kmem_cache);
/*
* Allocate kmem_cache_node properly from the kmem_cache slab.
* kmem_cache_node is separately allocated so no need to
* update any list pointers.
*/
kmem_cache_node = bootstrap(&boot_kmem_cache_node);
/* Now we can use the kmem_cache to allocate kmalloc slabs */
create_kmalloc_caches(0);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
register_cpu_notifier(&slab_notifier);
#endif
printk(KERN_INFO
"SLUB: HWalign=%d, Order=%d-%d, MinObjects=%d,"
" CPUs=%d, Nodes=%d\n",
cache_line_size(),
slub_min_order, slub_max_order, slub_min_objects,
nr_cpu_ids, nr_node_ids);
}
void __init kmem_cache_init_late(void)
{
}
/*
* Find a mergeable slab cache
*/
static int slab_unmergeable(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
if (slub_nomerge || (s->flags & SLUB_NEVER_MERGE))
return 1;
if (s->ctor)
return 1;
/*
* We may have set a slab to be unmergeable during bootstrap.
*/
if (s->refcount < 0)
return 1;
return 0;
}
static struct kmem_cache *find_mergeable(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, size_t size,
size_t align, unsigned long flags, const char *name,
void (*ctor)(void *))
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
if (slub_nomerge || (flags & SLUB_NEVER_MERGE))
return NULL;
if (ctor)
return NULL;
size = ALIGN(size, sizeof(void *));
align = calculate_alignment(flags, align, size);
size = ALIGN(size, align);
flags = kmem_cache_flags(size, flags, name, NULL);
list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
if (slab_unmergeable(s))
continue;
if (size > s->size)
continue;
if ((flags & SLUB_MERGE_SAME) != (s->flags & SLUB_MERGE_SAME))
continue;
/*
* Check if alignment is compatible.
* Courtesy of Adrian Drzewiecki
*/
if ((s->size & ~(align - 1)) != s->size)
continue;
if (s->size - size >= sizeof(void *))
continue;
if (!cache_match_memcg(s, memcg))
continue;
return s;
}
return NULL;
}
struct kmem_cache *
__kmem_cache_alias(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, const char *name, size_t size,
size_t align, unsigned long flags, void (*ctor)(void *))
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
s = find_mergeable(memcg, size, align, flags, name, ctor);
if (s) {
s->refcount++;
/*
* Adjust the object sizes so that we clear
* the complete object on kzalloc.
*/
s->object_size = max(s->object_size, (int)size);
s->inuse = max_t(int, s->inuse, ALIGN(size, sizeof(void *)));
if (sysfs_slab_alias(s, name)) {
s->refcount--;
s = NULL;
}
}
return s;
}
int __kmem_cache_create(struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long flags)
{
int err;
err = kmem_cache_open(s, flags);
if (err)
return err;
/* Mutex is not taken during early boot */
if (slab_state <= UP)
return 0;
memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(s);
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
err = sysfs_slab_add(s);
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
if (err)
kmem_cache_close(s);
return err;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
/*
* Use the cpu notifier to insure that the cpu slabs are flushed when
* necessary.
*/
static int __cpuinit slab_cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
{
long cpu = (long)hcpu;
struct kmem_cache *s;
unsigned long flags;
switch (action) {
case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
case CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN:
case CPU_DEAD:
case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
local_irq_save(flags);
__flush_cpu_slab(s, cpu);
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
break;
default:
break;
}
return NOTIFY_OK;
}
static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata slab_notifier = {
.notifier_call = slab_cpuup_callback
};
#endif
void *__kmalloc_track_caller(size_t size, gfp_t gfpflags, unsigned long caller)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
void *ret;
if (unlikely(size > KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE))
return kmalloc_large(size, gfpflags);
s = kmalloc_slab(size, gfpflags);
if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
return s;
ret = slab_alloc(s, gfpflags, caller);
/* Honor the call site pointer we received. */
trace_kmalloc(caller, ret, size, s->size, gfpflags);
return ret;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
void *__kmalloc_node_track_caller(size_t size, gfp_t gfpflags,
int node, unsigned long caller)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
void *ret;
if (unlikely(size > KMALLOC_MAX_CACHE_SIZE)) {
ret = kmalloc_large_node(size, gfpflags, node);
trace_kmalloc_node(caller, ret,
size, PAGE_SIZE << get_order(size),
gfpflags, node);
return ret;
}
s = kmalloc_slab(size, gfpflags);
if (unlikely(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(s)))
return s;
ret = slab_alloc_node(s, gfpflags, node, caller);
/* Honor the call site pointer we received. */
trace_kmalloc_node(caller, ret, size, s->size, gfpflags, node);
return ret;
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static int count_inuse(struct page *page)
{
return page->inuse;
}
static int count_total(struct page *page)
{
return page->objects;
}
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
static int validate_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
unsigned long *map)
{
void *p;
void *addr = page_address(page);
if (!check_slab(s, page) ||
!on_freelist(s, page, NULL))
return 0;
/* Now we know that a valid freelist exists */
bitmap_zero(map, page->objects);
get_map(s, page, map);
for_each_object(p, s, addr, page->objects) {
if (test_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map))
if (!check_object(s, page, p, SLUB_RED_INACTIVE))
return 0;
}
for_each_object(p, s, addr, page->objects)
if (!test_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map))
if (!check_object(s, page, p, SLUB_RED_ACTIVE))
return 0;
return 1;
}
static void validate_slab_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page,
unsigned long *map)
{
slab_lock(page);
validate_slab(s, page, map);
slab_unlock(page);
}
static int validate_slab_node(struct kmem_cache *s,
struct kmem_cache_node *n, unsigned long *map)
{
unsigned long count = 0;
struct page *page;
unsigned long flags;
spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru) {
validate_slab_slab(s, page, map);
count++;
}
if (count != n->nr_partial)
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB %s: %ld partial slabs counted but "
"counter=%ld\n", s->name, count, n->nr_partial);
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
goto out;
list_for_each_entry(page, &n->full, lru) {
validate_slab_slab(s, page, map);
count++;
}
if (count != atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs))
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: %s %ld slabs counted but "
"counter=%ld\n", s->name, count,
atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs));
out:
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
return count;
}
static long validate_slab_cache(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int node;
unsigned long count = 0;
unsigned long *map = kmalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(oo_objects(s->max)) *
sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!map)
return -ENOMEM;
flush_all(s);
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
count += validate_slab_node(s, n, map);
}
kfree(map);
return count;
}
/*
* Generate lists of code addresses where slabcache objects are allocated
* and freed.
*/
struct location {
unsigned long count;
unsigned long addr;
long long sum_time;
long min_time;
long max_time;
long min_pid;
long max_pid;
DECLARE_BITMAP(cpus, NR_CPUS);
nodemask_t nodes;
};
struct loc_track {
unsigned long max;
unsigned long count;
struct location *loc;
};
static void free_loc_track(struct loc_track *t)
{
if (t->max)
free_pages((unsigned long)t->loc,
get_order(sizeof(struct location) * t->max));
}
static int alloc_loc_track(struct loc_track *t, unsigned long max, gfp_t flags)
{
struct location *l;
int order;
order = get_order(sizeof(struct location) * max);
l = (void *)__get_free_pages(flags, order);
if (!l)
return 0;
if (t->count) {
memcpy(l, t->loc, sizeof(struct location) * t->count);
free_loc_track(t);
}
t->max = max;
t->loc = l;
return 1;
}
static int add_location(struct loc_track *t, struct kmem_cache *s,
const struct track *track)
{
long start, end, pos;
struct location *l;
unsigned long caddr;
unsigned long age = jiffies - track->when;
start = -1;
end = t->count;
for ( ; ; ) {
pos = start + (end - start + 1) / 2;
/*
* There is nothing at "end". If we end up there
* we need to add something to before end.
*/
if (pos == end)
break;
caddr = t->loc[pos].addr;
if (track->addr == caddr) {
l = &t->loc[pos];
l->count++;
if (track->when) {
l->sum_time += age;
if (age < l->min_time)
l->min_time = age;
if (age > l->max_time)
l->max_time = age;
if (track->pid < l->min_pid)
l->min_pid = track->pid;
if (track->pid > l->max_pid)
l->max_pid = track->pid;
cpumask_set_cpu(track->cpu,
to_cpumask(l->cpus));
}
node_set(page_to_nid(virt_to_page(track)), l->nodes);
return 1;
}
if (track->addr < caddr)
end = pos;
else
start = pos;
}
/*
* Not found. Insert new tracking element.
*/
if (t->count >= t->max && !alloc_loc_track(t, 2 * t->max, GFP_ATOMIC))
return 0;
l = t->loc + pos;
if (pos < t->count)
memmove(l + 1, l,
(t->count - pos) * sizeof(struct location));
t->count++;
l->count = 1;
l->addr = track->addr;
l->sum_time = age;
l->min_time = age;
l->max_time = age;
l->min_pid = track->pid;
l->max_pid = track->pid;
cpumask_clear(to_cpumask(l->cpus));
cpumask_set_cpu(track->cpu, to_cpumask(l->cpus));
nodes_clear(l->nodes);
node_set(page_to_nid(virt_to_page(track)), l->nodes);
return 1;
}
static void process_slab(struct loc_track *t, struct kmem_cache *s,
struct page *page, enum track_item alloc,
unsigned long *map)
{
void *addr = page_address(page);
void *p;
bitmap_zero(map, page->objects);
get_map(s, page, map);
for_each_object(p, s, addr, page->objects)
if (!test_bit(slab_index(p, s, addr), map))
add_location(t, s, get_track(s, p, alloc));
}
static int list_locations(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf,
enum track_item alloc)
{
int len = 0;
unsigned long i;
struct loc_track t = { 0, 0, NULL };
int node;
unsigned long *map = kmalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(oo_objects(s->max)) *
sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!map || !alloc_loc_track(&t, PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct location),
GFP_TEMPORARY)) {
kfree(map);
return sprintf(buf, "Out of memory\n");
}
/* Push back cpu slabs */
flush_all(s);
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
unsigned long flags;
struct page *page;
if (!atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs))
continue;
spin_lock_irqsave(&n->list_lock, flags);
list_for_each_entry(page, &n->partial, lru)
process_slab(&t, s, page, alloc, map);
list_for_each_entry(page, &n->full, lru)
process_slab(&t, s, page, alloc, map);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&n->list_lock, flags);
}
for (i = 0; i < t.count; i++) {
struct location *l = &t.loc[i];
if (len > PAGE_SIZE - KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN - 100)
break;
len += sprintf(buf + len, "%7ld ", l->count);
if (l->addr)
len += sprintf(buf + len, "%pS", (void *)l->addr);
else
len += sprintf(buf + len, "<not-available>");
if (l->sum_time != l->min_time) {
len += sprintf(buf + len, " age=%ld/%ld/%ld",
l->min_time,
(long)div_u64(l->sum_time, l->count),
l->max_time);
} else
len += sprintf(buf + len, " age=%ld",
l->min_time);
if (l->min_pid != l->max_pid)
len += sprintf(buf + len, " pid=%ld-%ld",
l->min_pid, l->max_pid);
else
len += sprintf(buf + len, " pid=%ld",
l->min_pid);
if (num_online_cpus() > 1 &&
!cpumask_empty(to_cpumask(l->cpus)) &&
len < PAGE_SIZE - 60) {
len += sprintf(buf + len, " cpus=");
len += cpulist_scnprintf(buf + len, PAGE_SIZE - len - 50,
to_cpumask(l->cpus));
}
if (nr_online_nodes > 1 && !nodes_empty(l->nodes) &&
len < PAGE_SIZE - 60) {
len += sprintf(buf + len, " nodes=");
len += nodelist_scnprintf(buf + len, PAGE_SIZE - len - 50,
l->nodes);
}
len += sprintf(buf + len, "\n");
}
free_loc_track(&t);
kfree(map);
if (!t.count)
len += sprintf(buf, "No data\n");
return len;
}
#endif
#ifdef SLUB_RESILIENCY_TEST
static void resiliency_test(void)
{
u8 *p;
BUILD_BUG_ON(KMALLOC_MIN_SIZE > 16 || KMALLOC_SHIFT_HIGH < 10);
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB resiliency testing\n");
printk(KERN_ERR "-----------------------\n");
printk(KERN_ERR "A. Corruption after allocation\n");
p = kzalloc(16, GFP_KERNEL);
p[16] = 0x12;
printk(KERN_ERR "\n1. kmalloc-16: Clobber Redzone/next pointer"
" 0x12->0x%p\n\n", p + 16);
validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches[4]);
/* Hmmm... The next two are dangerous */
p = kzalloc(32, GFP_KERNEL);
p[32 + sizeof(void *)] = 0x34;
printk(KERN_ERR "\n2. kmalloc-32: Clobber next pointer/next slab"
" 0x34 -> -0x%p\n", p);
printk(KERN_ERR
"If allocated object is overwritten then not detectable\n\n");
validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches[5]);
p = kzalloc(64, GFP_KERNEL);
p += 64 + (get_cycles() & 0xff) * sizeof(void *);
*p = 0x56;
printk(KERN_ERR "\n3. kmalloc-64: corrupting random byte 0x56->0x%p\n",
p);
printk(KERN_ERR
"If allocated object is overwritten then not detectable\n\n");
validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches[6]);
printk(KERN_ERR "\nB. Corruption after free\n");
p = kzalloc(128, GFP_KERNEL);
kfree(p);
*p = 0x78;
printk(KERN_ERR "1. kmalloc-128: Clobber first word 0x78->0x%p\n\n", p);
validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches[7]);
p = kzalloc(256, GFP_KERNEL);
kfree(p);
p[50] = 0x9a;
printk(KERN_ERR "\n2. kmalloc-256: Clobber 50th byte 0x9a->0x%p\n\n",
p);
validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches[8]);
p = kzalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
kfree(p);
p[512] = 0xab;
printk(KERN_ERR "\n3. kmalloc-512: Clobber redzone 0xab->0x%p\n\n", p);
validate_slab_cache(kmalloc_caches[9]);
}
#else
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
static void resiliency_test(void) {};
#endif
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
enum slab_stat_type {
SL_ALL, /* All slabs */
SL_PARTIAL, /* Only partially allocated slabs */
SL_CPU, /* Only slabs used for cpu caches */
SL_OBJECTS, /* Determine allocated objects not slabs */
SL_TOTAL /* Determine object capacity not slabs */
};
#define SO_ALL (1 << SL_ALL)
#define SO_PARTIAL (1 << SL_PARTIAL)
#define SO_CPU (1 << SL_CPU)
#define SO_OBJECTS (1 << SL_OBJECTS)
#define SO_TOTAL (1 << SL_TOTAL)
static ssize_t show_slab_objects(struct kmem_cache *s,
char *buf, unsigned long flags)
{
unsigned long total = 0;
int node;
int x;
unsigned long *nodes;
unsigned long *per_cpu;
nodes = kzalloc(2 * sizeof(unsigned long) * nr_node_ids, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!nodes)
return -ENOMEM;
per_cpu = nodes + nr_node_ids;
if (flags & SO_CPU) {
int cpu;
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu);
int node;
struct page *page;
page = ACCESS_ONCE(c->page);
if (!page)
continue;
node = page_to_nid(page);
if (flags & SO_TOTAL)
x = page->objects;
else if (flags & SO_OBJECTS)
x = page->inuse;
else
x = 1;
total += x;
nodes[node] += x;
page = ACCESS_ONCE(c->partial);
if (page) {
x = page->pobjects;
total += x;
nodes[node] += x;
}
per_cpu[node]++;
}
}
lock_memory_hotplug();
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
if (flags & SO_ALL) {
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
if (flags & SO_TOTAL)
x = atomic_long_read(&n->total_objects);
else if (flags & SO_OBJECTS)
x = atomic_long_read(&n->total_objects) -
count_partial(n, count_free);
else
x = atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs);
total += x;
nodes[node] += x;
}
} else
#endif
if (flags & SO_PARTIAL) {
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
if (flags & SO_TOTAL)
x = count_partial(n, count_total);
else if (flags & SO_OBJECTS)
x = count_partial(n, count_inuse);
else
x = n->nr_partial;
total += x;
nodes[node] += x;
}
}
x = sprintf(buf, "%lu", total);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
for_each_node_state(node, N_NORMAL_MEMORY)
if (nodes[node])
x += sprintf(buf + x, " N%d=%lu",
node, nodes[node]);
#endif
unlock_memory_hotplug();
kfree(nodes);
return x + sprintf(buf + x, "\n");
}
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
static int any_slab_objects(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int node;
for_each_online_node(node) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
if (!n)
continue;
if (atomic_long_read(&n->total_objects))
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
#endif
#define to_slab_attr(n) container_of(n, struct slab_attribute, attr)
#define to_slab(n) container_of(n, struct kmem_cache, kobj)
struct slab_attribute {
struct attribute attr;
ssize_t (*show)(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf);
ssize_t (*store)(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *x, size_t count);
};
#define SLAB_ATTR_RO(_name) \
static struct slab_attribute _name##_attr = \
__ATTR(_name, 0400, _name##_show, NULL)
#define SLAB_ATTR(_name) \
static struct slab_attribute _name##_attr = \
__ATTR(_name, 0600, _name##_show, _name##_store)
static ssize_t slab_size_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->size);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(slab_size);
static ssize_t align_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->align);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(align);
static ssize_t object_size_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->object_size);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(object_size);
static ssize_t objs_per_slab_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", oo_objects(s->oo));
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(objs_per_slab);
static ssize_t order_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
unsigned long order;
int err;
err = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &order);
if (err)
return err;
if (order > slub_max_order || order < slub_min_order)
return -EINVAL;
calculate_sizes(s, order);
return length;
}
static ssize_t order_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", oo_order(s->oo));
}
SLAB_ATTR(order);
static ssize_t min_partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%lu\n", s->min_partial);
}
static ssize_t min_partial_store(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *buf,
size_t length)
{
unsigned long min;
int err;
err = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &min);
if (err)
return err;
set_min_partial(s, min);
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(min_partial);
static ssize_t cpu_partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", s->cpu_partial);
}
static ssize_t cpu_partial_store(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *buf,
size_t length)
{
unsigned long objects;
int err;
err = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &objects);
if (err)
return err;
if (objects && kmem_cache_debug(s))
return -EINVAL;
s->cpu_partial = objects;
flush_all(s);
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(cpu_partial);
static ssize_t ctor_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
if (!s->ctor)
return 0;
return sprintf(buf, "%pS\n", s->ctor);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(ctor);
static ssize_t aliases_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->refcount - 1);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(aliases);
static ssize_t partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_PARTIAL);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(partial);
static ssize_t cpu_slabs_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_CPU);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(cpu_slabs);
static ssize_t objects_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_ALL|SO_OBJECTS);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(objects);
static ssize_t objects_partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_PARTIAL|SO_OBJECTS);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(objects_partial);
static ssize_t slabs_cpu_partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
int objects = 0;
int pages = 0;
int cpu;
int len;
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
struct page *page = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu)->partial;
if (page) {
pages += page->pages;
objects += page->pobjects;
}
}
len = sprintf(buf, "%d(%d)", objects, pages);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
struct page *page = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu) ->partial;
if (page && len < PAGE_SIZE - 20)
len += sprintf(buf + len, " C%d=%d(%d)", cpu,
page->pobjects, page->pages);
}
#endif
return len + sprintf(buf + len, "\n");
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(slabs_cpu_partial);
static ssize_t reclaim_account_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT));
}
static ssize_t reclaim_account_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
s->flags &= ~SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT;
if (buf[0] == '1')
s->flags |= SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT;
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(reclaim_account);
static ssize_t hwcache_align_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN));
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(hwcache_align);
#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
static ssize_t cache_dma_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA));
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(cache_dma);
#endif
static ssize_t destroy_by_rcu_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU));
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(destroy_by_rcu);
static ssize_t reserved_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->reserved);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(reserved);
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
static ssize_t slabs_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_ALL);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(slabs);
static ssize_t total_objects_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return show_slab_objects(s, buf, SO_ALL|SO_TOTAL);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(total_objects);
static ssize_t sanity_checks_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_FREE));
}
static ssize_t sanity_checks_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
s->flags &= ~SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
if (buf[0] == '1') {
s->flags &= ~__CMPXCHG_DOUBLE;
s->flags |= SLAB_DEBUG_FREE;
}
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(sanity_checks);
static ssize_t trace_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_TRACE));
}
static ssize_t trace_store(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *buf,
size_t length)
{
s->flags &= ~SLAB_TRACE;
if (buf[0] == '1') {
s->flags &= ~__CMPXCHG_DOUBLE;
s->flags |= SLAB_TRACE;
}
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(trace);
static ssize_t red_zone_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE));
}
static ssize_t red_zone_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
if (any_slab_objects(s))
return -EBUSY;
s->flags &= ~SLAB_RED_ZONE;
if (buf[0] == '1') {
s->flags &= ~__CMPXCHG_DOUBLE;
s->flags |= SLAB_RED_ZONE;
}
calculate_sizes(s, -1);
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(red_zone);
static ssize_t poison_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_POISON));
}
static ssize_t poison_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
if (any_slab_objects(s))
return -EBUSY;
s->flags &= ~SLAB_POISON;
if (buf[0] == '1') {
s->flags &= ~__CMPXCHG_DOUBLE;
s->flags |= SLAB_POISON;
}
calculate_sizes(s, -1);
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(poison);
static ssize_t store_user_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER));
}
static ssize_t store_user_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
if (any_slab_objects(s))
return -EBUSY;
s->flags &= ~SLAB_STORE_USER;
if (buf[0] == '1') {
s->flags &= ~__CMPXCHG_DOUBLE;
s->flags |= SLAB_STORE_USER;
}
calculate_sizes(s, -1);
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(store_user);
static ssize_t validate_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return 0;
}
static ssize_t validate_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
int ret = -EINVAL;
if (buf[0] == '1') {
ret = validate_slab_cache(s);
if (ret >= 0)
ret = length;
}
return ret;
}
SLAB_ATTR(validate);
static ssize_t alloc_calls_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
return -ENOSYS;
return list_locations(s, buf, TRACK_ALLOC);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(alloc_calls);
static ssize_t free_calls_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER))
return -ENOSYS;
return list_locations(s, buf, TRACK_FREE);
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(free_calls);
#endif /* CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG */
#ifdef CONFIG_FAILSLAB
static ssize_t failslab_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", !!(s->flags & SLAB_FAILSLAB));
}
static ssize_t failslab_store(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *buf,
size_t length)
{
s->flags &= ~SLAB_FAILSLAB;
if (buf[0] == '1')
s->flags |= SLAB_FAILSLAB;
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(failslab);
#endif
static ssize_t shrink_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return 0;
}
static ssize_t shrink_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
if (buf[0] == '1') {
int rc = kmem_cache_shrink(s);
if (rc)
return rc;
} else
return -EINVAL;
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(shrink);
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
static ssize_t remote_node_defrag_ratio_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", s->remote_node_defrag_ratio / 10);
}
static ssize_t remote_node_defrag_ratio_store(struct kmem_cache *s,
const char *buf, size_t length)
{
unsigned long ratio;
int err;
err = strict_strtoul(buf, 10, &ratio);
if (err)
return err;
if (ratio <= 100)
s->remote_node_defrag_ratio = ratio * 10;
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(remote_node_defrag_ratio);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
static int show_stat(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf, enum stat_item si)
{
unsigned long sum = 0;
int cpu;
int len;
int *data = kmalloc(nr_cpu_ids * sizeof(int), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!data)
return -ENOMEM;
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
unsigned x = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu)->stat[si];
data[cpu] = x;
sum += x;
}
len = sprintf(buf, "%lu", sum);
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
if (data[cpu] && len < PAGE_SIZE - 20)
len += sprintf(buf + len, " C%d=%u", cpu, data[cpu]);
}
#endif
kfree(data);
return len + sprintf(buf + len, "\n");
}
static void clear_stat(struct kmem_cache *s, enum stat_item si)
{
int cpu;
for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu)->stat[si] = 0;
}
#define STAT_ATTR(si, text) \
static ssize_t text##_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf) \
{ \
return show_stat(s, buf, si); \
} \
static ssize_t text##_store(struct kmem_cache *s, \
const char *buf, size_t length) \
{ \
if (buf[0] != '0') \
return -EINVAL; \
clear_stat(s, si); \
return length; \
} \
SLAB_ATTR(text); \
STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_FASTPATH, alloc_fastpath);
STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_SLOWPATH, alloc_slowpath);
STAT_ATTR(FREE_FASTPATH, free_fastpath);
STAT_ATTR(FREE_SLOWPATH, free_slowpath);
STAT_ATTR(FREE_FROZEN, free_frozen);
STAT_ATTR(FREE_ADD_PARTIAL, free_add_partial);
STAT_ATTR(FREE_REMOVE_PARTIAL, free_remove_partial);
STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_FROM_PARTIAL, alloc_from_partial);
STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_SLAB, alloc_slab);
STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_REFILL, alloc_refill);
STAT_ATTR(ALLOC_NODE_MISMATCH, alloc_node_mismatch);
STAT_ATTR(FREE_SLAB, free_slab);
STAT_ATTR(CPUSLAB_FLUSH, cpuslab_flush);
STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_FULL, deactivate_full);
STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_EMPTY, deactivate_empty);
STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_TO_HEAD, deactivate_to_head);
STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_TO_TAIL, deactivate_to_tail);
STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_REMOTE_FREES, deactivate_remote_frees);
STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_BYPASS, deactivate_bypass);
STAT_ATTR(ORDER_FALLBACK, order_fallback);
STAT_ATTR(CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_CPU_FAIL, cmpxchg_double_cpu_fail);
STAT_ATTR(CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_FAIL, cmpxchg_double_fail);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_ALLOC, cpu_partial_alloc);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_FREE, cpu_partial_free);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_NODE, cpu_partial_node);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_DRAIN, cpu_partial_drain);
#endif
static struct attribute *slab_attrs[] = {
&slab_size_attr.attr,
&object_size_attr.attr,
&objs_per_slab_attr.attr,
&order_attr.attr,
&min_partial_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_attr.attr,
&objects_attr.attr,
&objects_partial_attr.attr,
&partial_attr.attr,
&cpu_slabs_attr.attr,
&ctor_attr.attr,
&aliases_attr.attr,
&align_attr.attr,
&hwcache_align_attr.attr,
&reclaim_account_attr.attr,
&destroy_by_rcu_attr.attr,
&shrink_attr.attr,
&reserved_attr.attr,
&slabs_cpu_partial_attr.attr,
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
&total_objects_attr.attr,
&slabs_attr.attr,
&sanity_checks_attr.attr,
&trace_attr.attr,
&red_zone_attr.attr,
&poison_attr.attr,
&store_user_attr.attr,
&validate_attr.attr,
&alloc_calls_attr.attr,
&free_calls_attr.attr,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
&cache_dma_attr.attr,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
&remote_node_defrag_ratio_attr.attr,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
&alloc_fastpath_attr.attr,
&alloc_slowpath_attr.attr,
&free_fastpath_attr.attr,
&free_slowpath_attr.attr,
&free_frozen_attr.attr,
&free_add_partial_attr.attr,
&free_remove_partial_attr.attr,
&alloc_from_partial_attr.attr,
&alloc_slab_attr.attr,
&alloc_refill_attr.attr,
&alloc_node_mismatch_attr.attr,
&free_slab_attr.attr,
&cpuslab_flush_attr.attr,
&deactivate_full_attr.attr,
&deactivate_empty_attr.attr,
&deactivate_to_head_attr.attr,
&deactivate_to_tail_attr.attr,
&deactivate_remote_frees_attr.attr,
&deactivate_bypass_attr.attr,
&order_fallback_attr.attr,
&cmpxchg_double_fail_attr.attr,
&cmpxchg_double_cpu_fail_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_alloc_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_free_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_node_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_drain_attr.attr,
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FAILSLAB
&failslab_attr.attr,
#endif
NULL
};
static struct attribute_group slab_attr_group = {
.attrs = slab_attrs,
};
static ssize_t slab_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
struct attribute *attr,
char *buf)
{
struct slab_attribute *attribute;
struct kmem_cache *s;
int err;
attribute = to_slab_attr(attr);
s = to_slab(kobj);
if (!attribute->show)
return -EIO;
err = attribute->show(s, buf);
return err;
}
static ssize_t slab_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
struct attribute *attr,
const char *buf, size_t len)
{
struct slab_attribute *attribute;
struct kmem_cache *s;
int err;
attribute = to_slab_attr(attr);
s = to_slab(kobj);
if (!attribute->store)
return -EIO;
err = attribute->store(s, buf, len);
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
if (slab_state >= FULL && err >= 0 && is_root_cache(s)) {
int i;
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
if (s->max_attr_size < len)
s->max_attr_size = len;
/*
* This is a best effort propagation, so this function's return
* value will be determined by the parent cache only. This is
* basically because not all attributes will have a well
* defined semantics for rollbacks - most of the actions will
* have permanent effects.
*
* Returning the error value of any of the children that fail
* is not 100 % defined, in the sense that users seeing the
* error code won't be able to know anything about the state of
* the cache.
*
* Only returning the error code for the parent cache at least
* has well defined semantics. The cache being written to
* directly either failed or succeeded, in which case we loop
* through the descendants with best-effort propagation.
*/
for_each_memcg_cache_index(i) {
struct kmem_cache *c = cache_from_memcg(s, i);
if (c)
attribute->store(c, buf, len);
}
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
}
#endif
return err;
}
static void memcg_propagate_slab_attrs(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
int i;
char *buffer = NULL;
if (!is_root_cache(s))
return;
/*
* This mean this cache had no attribute written. Therefore, no point
* in copying default values around
*/
if (!s->max_attr_size)
return;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(slab_attrs); i++) {
char mbuf[64];
char *buf;
struct slab_attribute *attr = to_slab_attr(slab_attrs[i]);
if (!attr || !attr->store || !attr->show)
continue;
/*
* It is really bad that we have to allocate here, so we will
* do it only as a fallback. If we actually allocate, though,
* we can just use the allocated buffer until the end.
*
* Most of the slub attributes will tend to be very small in
* size, but sysfs allows buffers up to a page, so they can
* theoretically happen.
*/
if (buffer)
buf = buffer;
else if (s->max_attr_size < ARRAY_SIZE(mbuf))
buf = mbuf;
else {
buffer = (char *) get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
if (WARN_ON(!buffer))
continue;
buf = buffer;
}
attr->show(s->memcg_params->root_cache, buf);
attr->store(s, buf, strlen(buf));
}
if (buffer)
free_page((unsigned long)buffer);
#endif
}
static const struct sysfs_ops slab_sysfs_ops = {
.show = slab_attr_show,
.store = slab_attr_store,
};
static struct kobj_type slab_ktype = {
.sysfs_ops = &slab_sysfs_ops,
};
static int uevent_filter(struct kset *kset, struct kobject *kobj)
{
struct kobj_type *ktype = get_ktype(kobj);
if (ktype == &slab_ktype)
return 1;
return 0;
}
static const struct kset_uevent_ops slab_uevent_ops = {
.filter = uevent_filter,
};
static struct kset *slab_kset;
#define ID_STR_LENGTH 64
/* Create a unique string id for a slab cache:
*
* Format :[flags-]size
*/
static char *create_unique_id(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
char *name = kmalloc(ID_STR_LENGTH, GFP_KERNEL);
char *p = name;
BUG_ON(!name);
*p++ = ':';
/*
* First flags affecting slabcache operations. We will only
* get here for aliasable slabs so we do not need to support
* too many flags. The flags here must cover all flags that
* are matched during merging to guarantee that the id is
* unique.
*/
if (s->flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA)
*p++ = 'd';
if (s->flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
*p++ = 'a';
if (s->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_FREE)
*p++ = 'F';
if (!(s->flags & SLAB_NOTRACK))
*p++ = 't';
if (p != name + 1)
*p++ = '-';
p += sprintf(p, "%07d", s->size);
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
if (!is_root_cache(s))
p += sprintf(p, "-%08d", memcg_cache_id(s->memcg_params->memcg));
#endif
BUG_ON(p > name + ID_STR_LENGTH - 1);
return name;
}
static int sysfs_slab_add(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
int err;
const char *name;
int unmergeable = slab_unmergeable(s);
if (unmergeable) {
/*
* Slabcache can never be merged so we can use the name proper.
* This is typically the case for debug situations. In that
* case we can catch duplicate names easily.
*/
sysfs_remove_link(&slab_kset->kobj, s->name);
name = s->name;
} else {
/*
* Create a unique name for the slab as a target
* for the symlinks.
*/
name = create_unique_id(s);
}
s->kobj.kset = slab_kset;
err = kobject_init_and_add(&s->kobj, &slab_ktype, NULL, name);
if (err) {
kobject_put(&s->kobj);
return err;
}
err = sysfs_create_group(&s->kobj, &slab_attr_group);
if (err) {
kobject_del(&s->kobj);
kobject_put(&s->kobj);
return err;
}
kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
if (!unmergeable) {
/* Setup first alias */
sysfs_slab_alias(s, s->name);
kfree(name);
}
return 0;
}
static void sysfs_slab_remove(struct kmem_cache *s)
{
if (slab_state < FULL)
/*
* Sysfs has not been setup yet so no need to remove the
* cache from sysfs.
*/
return;
kobject_uevent(&s->kobj, KOBJ_REMOVE);
kobject_del(&s->kobj);
kobject_put(&s->kobj);
}
/*
* Need to buffer aliases during bootup until sysfs becomes
* available lest we lose that information.
*/
struct saved_alias {
struct kmem_cache *s;
const char *name;
struct saved_alias *next;
};
static struct saved_alias *alias_list;
static int sysfs_slab_alias(struct kmem_cache *s, const char *name)
{
struct saved_alias *al;
if (slab_state == FULL) {
/*
* If we have a leftover link then remove it.
*/
sysfs_remove_link(&slab_kset->kobj, name);
return sysfs_create_link(&slab_kset->kobj, &s->kobj, name);
}
al = kmalloc(sizeof(struct saved_alias), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!al)
return -ENOMEM;
al->s = s;
al->name = name;
al->next = alias_list;
alias_list = al;
return 0;
}
static int __init slab_sysfs_init(void)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
int err;
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
slab_kset = kset_create_and_add("slab", &slab_uevent_ops, kernel_kobj);
if (!slab_kset) {
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
printk(KERN_ERR "Cannot register slab subsystem.\n");
return -ENOSYS;
}
slab_state = FULL;
list_for_each_entry(s, &slab_caches, list) {
err = sysfs_slab_add(s);
if (err)
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Unable to add boot slab %s"
" to sysfs\n", s->name);
}
while (alias_list) {
struct saved_alias *al = alias_list;
alias_list = alias_list->next;
err = sysfs_slab_alias(al->s, al->name);
if (err)
printk(KERN_ERR "SLUB: Unable to add boot slab alias"
" %s to sysfs\n", al->name);
kfree(al);
}
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
resiliency_test();
return 0;
}
__initcall(slab_sysfs_init);
#endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */
/*
* The /proc/slabinfo ABI
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_SLABINFO
void get_slabinfo(struct kmem_cache *s, struct slabinfo *sinfo)
{
unsigned long nr_partials = 0;
unsigned long nr_slabs = 0;
unsigned long nr_objs = 0;
unsigned long nr_free = 0;
int node;
for_each_online_node(node) {
struct kmem_cache_node *n = get_node(s, node);
if (!n)
continue;
nr_partials += n->nr_partial;
nr_slabs += atomic_long_read(&n->nr_slabs);
nr_objs += atomic_long_read(&n->total_objects);
nr_free += count_partial(n, count_free);
}
sinfo->active_objs = nr_objs - nr_free;
sinfo->num_objs = nr_objs;
sinfo->active_slabs = nr_slabs;
sinfo->num_slabs = nr_slabs;
sinfo->objects_per_slab = oo_objects(s->oo);
sinfo->cache_order = oo_order(s->oo);
}
void slabinfo_show_stats(struct seq_file *m, struct kmem_cache *s)
{
}
ssize_t slabinfo_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
return -EIO;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_SLABINFO */
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