Python 3.10
Summary – Release highlights
New syntax features:
PEP 634, Structural Pattern Matching: Specification
PEP 635, Structural Pattern Matching: Motivation and Rationale
PEP 636, Structural Pattern Matching: Tutorial
bpo-12782, Parenthesized context managers are now officially allowed.
New features in the standard library:
PEP 618, Add Optional Length-Checking To zip.
Interpreter improvements:
PEP 626, Precise line numbers for debugging and other tools.
New typing features:
PEP 604, Allow writing union types as X | Y
PEP 613, Explicit Type Aliases
PEP 612, Parameter Specification Variables
Important deprecations, removals or restrictions:
PEP 644, Require OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer
PEP 632, Deprecate distutils module.
PEP 623, Deprecate and prepare for the removal of the wstr member in PyUnicodeObject.
PEP 624, Remove Py_UNICODE encoder APIs
PEP 597, Add optional EncodingWarning
Some relevant changes:
- new register-based calling convention (not on NetBSD though IIUC)
- new language feature to cast slices into array pointers
- the usual amount of bugfixes
these were disabled in the pkgsrc infrastructure some time ago because
they cannot be built cleanly with older compilers while gcc6 can.
this all seems to be separate from the ada bits in gcc-5-aux which may
still be useful.
use of these packages was disabled in the pkgsrc infrastructure in
january because they were causing problems on platforms with older
compilers that can build gcc6 just fine:
glibc + FORTIFY + gcc48,gcc49,gcc5 = build failures.
gcc48 and newer require a c++98 compiler, same as all gcc versions up
to 11, so are not useful for bootstrapping.
gcc5 has additional Ada bits, someone needs to determine if they're
useful before it can go.
this has been broken in all platforms' bulk builds for quite some time.
there is a much newer version being worked on in wip, but for now it is
probably best to start by installing lang/rakudo.
Normally, we would not package beta versions, except maybe in pkgsrc-wip.
This is different though, since 1.16.beta1 is the first Go version supporting
macOS on Apple Silicon.
Discussion about this was on tech-pkg@.
3.9.0 Release highlights
New syntax features:
PEP 584, union operators added to dict;
PEP 585, type hinting generics in standard collections;
PEP 614, relaxed grammar restrictions on decorators.
New built-in features:
PEP 616, string methods to remove prefixes and suffixes.
New features in the standard library:
PEP 593, flexible function and variable annotations;
os.pidfd_open() added that allows process management without races and signals.
Interpreter improvements:
PEP 573, fast access to module state from methods of C extension types;
PEP 617, CPython now uses a new parser based on PEG;
a number of Python builtins (range, tuple, set, frozenset, list, dict) are now sped up using PEP 590 vectorcall;
garbage collection does not block on resurrected objects;
a number of Python modules (_abc, audioop, _bz2, _codecs, _contextvars, _crypt, _functools, _json, _locale, math, operator, resource, time, _weakref) now use multiphase initialization as defined by PEP 489;
a number of standard library modules (audioop, ast, grp, _hashlib, pwd, _posixsubprocess, random, select, struct, termios, zlib) are now using the stable ABI defined by PEP 384.
New library modules:
PEP 615, the IANA Time Zone Database is now present in the standard library in the zoneinfo module;
an implementation of a topological sort of a graph is now provided in the new graphlib module.
Release process changes:
PEP 602, CPython adopts an annual release cycle.
The latest Go release, version 1.15, arrives six months after Go 1.14. Most of
its changes are in the implementation of the toolchain, runtime, and libraries.
As always, the release maintains the Go 1 promise of compatibility. We expect
almost all Go programs to continue to compile and run as before.
Go 1.15 includes substantial improvements to the linker, improves allocation
for small objects at high core counts, and deprecates X.509 CommonName. GOPROXY
now supports skipping proxies that return errors and a new embedded tzdata
package has been added.
There are no changes to the language.
They have not been kept up to-date for ~20 years and
are essentially just an outdated offline mirror of the
Website https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/, which
is trivial for the user to mirror themself if they wish.
