recent releases patches, which fix:
Patch-13:
Bash can leak memory when referencing a noneexistent
associative array element.
Patch-14:
Bash defers processing additional terminating signals when
running the EXIT trap while exiting due to a terminating signal.
This patch allows the new terminating signal to kill the shell
immediately.
Patch-15:
There are several cases where bash is too aggressive when
optimizing out forks in subshells. For example, `eval' and
traps should never be optimized.
These 3 new patches fix the following bugs:
Patch 10:
Bash-5.2 checkr the first 128 characters of an executable file
that execve() refuses to execute to see whether it's a binary
file before trying to execute it as a shell script. This defeats
some previously-supported use cases like "self-executing" jar
files or "self-uncompressing" scripts.
Patch 11:
Using timeouts and readline editing with the `read' builtin
(read -e -t) can leave the readline timeout enabled, potentially
resulting in an erroneous timeout on the next call.
Patch 12:
When running in bash compatibility mode, nested command
substitutions can leave the `extglob' option enabled.
The patches fix the following bugs:
Patch 3:
Command substitutions need to preserve newlines instead of replacing
them with semicolons
Patch 4:
Bash needs to keep better track of nested brace expansions to
avoid problems with quoting and POSIX semantics.
Patch 5:
Null pattern substitution replacement strings can cause a crash
Patch 6:
In interactive shells, interrupting the shell while entering a command
substitution can inhibit alias expansion.
Patch 7:
Several problems with alias expansion inside command
substitutions when in POSIX mode
Patch 8:
Array subscript expansion can inappropriately quote brackets
if the expression contains < or >.
Patch 9:
Bash arithmetic expansion should allow `@' and `*' to be used
as associative array keys in expressions.
Patch 1: Expanding unset arrays in an arithmetic context can cause a
segmentation fault.
Patch 2: Starting bash with an invalid locale specification for
LC_ALL/LANG/LC_CTYPE can cause the shell to crash.
This is a terse description of the new features added to bash-5.2 since
the release of bash-5.1. As always, the manual page (doc/bash.1) is
the place to look for complete descriptions.
1. New Features in Bash
a. The bash malloc returns memory that is aligned on 16-byte boundaries.
b. There is a new internal timer framework used for read builtin timeouts.
c. Rewrote the command substitution parsing code to call the parser recursively
and rebuild the command string from the parsed command. This allows better
syntax checking and catches errors much earlier. Along with this, if
command substitution parsing completes with here-documents remaining to be
read, the shell prints a warning message and reads the here-document bodies
from the current input stream.
d. The `ulimit' builtin now treats an operand remaining after all of the options
and arguments are parsed as an argument to the last command specified by
an option. This is for POSIX compatibility.
e. Here-document parsing now handles $'...' and $"..." quoting when reading the
here-document body.
f. The `shell-expand-line' and `history-and-alias-expand-line' bindable readline
commands now understand $'...' and $"..." quoting.
g. There is a new `spell-correct-word' bindable readline command to perform
spelling correction on the current word.
h. The `unset' builtin now attempts to treat arguments as array subscripts
without parsing or expanding the subscript, even when `assoc_expand_once'
is not set.
i. There is a default value for $BASH_LOADABLES_PATH in config-top.h.
j. Associative array assignment and certain instances of referencing (e.g.,
`test -v' now allow `@' and `*' to be used as keys.
k. Bash attempts to expand indexed array subscripts only once when executing
shell constructs and word expansions.
l. The `unset' builtin allows a subscript of `@' or `*' to unset a key with
that value for associative arrays instead of unsetting the entire array
(which you can still do with `unset arrayname'). For indexed arrays, it
removes all elements of the array without unsetting it (like `A=()').
m. Additional builtins (printf/test/read/wait) do a better job of not
parsing array subscripts if array_expand_once is set.
n. New READLINE_ARGUMENT variable set to numeric argument for readline commands
defined using `bind -x'.
o. The new `varredir_close' shell option causes bash to automatically close
file descriptors opened with {var}<fn and other styles of varassign
redirection unless they're arguments to the `exec' builtin.
p. The `$0' special parameter is now set to the name of the script when running
any (non-interactive) startup files such as $BASH_ENV.
q. The `enable' builtin tries to load a loadable builtin using the default
search path if `enable name' (without any options) attempts to enable a
non-existent builtin.
r. The `printf' builtin has a new format specifier: %Q. This acts like %q but
applies any specified precision to the original unquoted argument, then
quotes and outputs the result.
s. The new `noexpand_translations' option controls whether or not the translated
output of $"..." is single-quoted.
t. There is a new parameter transformation operator: @k. This is like @K, but
expands the result to separate words after word splitting.
u. There is an alternate array implementation, selectable at `configure' time,
that optimizes access speed over memory use (use the new configure
--enable-alt-array-implementation option).
v. If an [N]<&WORD- or [N]>&WORD- redirection has WORD expand to the empty
string, treat the redirection as [N]<&- or [N]>&- and close file descriptor
N (default 0).
w. Invalid parameter transformation operators are now invalid word expansions,
and so cause fatal errors in non-interactive shells.
x. New shell option: patsub_replacement. When enabled, a `&' in the replacement
string of the pattern substitution expansion is replaced by the portion of
the string that matched the pattern. Backslash will escape the `&' and
insert a literal `&'.
y. `command -p' no longer looks in the hash table for the specified command.
z. The new `--enable-translatable-strings' option to `configure' allows $"..."
support to be compiled in or out.
aa. The new `globskipdots' shell option forces pathname expansion never to
return `.' or `..' unless explicitly matched. It is enabled by default.
bb. Array references using `@' and `*' that are the value of nameref variables
(declare -n ref='v[@]' ; echo $ref) no longer cause the shell to exit if
set -u is enabled and the array (v) is unset.
cc. There is a new bindable readline command name:
`vi-edit-and-execute-command'.
dd. In posix mode, the `printf' builtin checks for the `L' length modifier and
uses long double for floating point conversion specifiers if it's present,
double otherwise.
ee. The `globbing' completion code now takes the `globstar' option into account.
ff. `suspend -f' now forces the shell to suspend even if job control is not
currently enabled.
gg. Since there is no `declare -' equivalent of `local -', make sure to use
`local -' in the output of `local -p'.
13: Fix ~ expansion after : in assignment statements in POSIX mode.
14: Fix corruption in multibyte chars spanning a 512 byte buffer when
reading the output of a command substitution
15: Fix sign extension with charsets containing 'negative' chars
16: Make multiple ! in a [[ ]] toggle negation instead of just more of the same
Mostly from kre@
Updated provided by kre@
Changes:
9. The bash malloc implementation of malloc_usable_size() does not follow
the specification. This can cause library functions that use it to
overwrite memory bounds checking.
10. If `wait -n' is interrupted by a trapped signal other than SIGINT, it
does not completely clean up state, and that can prevent subsequent
calls to `wait -n' from working correctly.
11. When reading a compound assignment, and running it through the parser
to split it into words, we need to save and restore any alias we're
currently expanding.
12. There is a possible race condition that arises when a child process
receives a signal trapped by the parent before it can reset the signal
dispositions. The child process is not supposed to trap the signal
Releases of bash since then have correctly resolved the issue, and this
undocumented and non-standard option just results in software being broken out
of the box with a configuration different to other OS. Bump PKGREVISION.
This is required to make 'export -f' work, which is enabled by default on
other OS I checked. While here sort the list of enabled options so that
it's easier to compare against the list of available options, as there are
still a number that we do not enable, and remove the bogus comment.
Bump PKGREVISION.
if that wait is interrupted by a trapped signal. A later wait for the
same pid would return status 127 (process not found) even though the
process was still running (and still in bash's jobs table).
This was a bug introduced in bash 5.1 (does not occur in 5.0 or earlier).
This patch should be removed when bash is next updated (to 5.2 or beyond)
(the change will be in the bash codebase) or if a patch is released from
upstream to fix this problem.
PGKREVISION++
{ This change is not significant enough to warrant an entry in doc/CHANGES. }
The new patches:
Patch 5: Fix memory leaks when using assigning arrays using ...
Patch 6: Use correct process group for command substitution processes
Patch 7: Fix readline version checking in inputrc files
Patch 8: Clean up FIFOs used for process substitutions properly
That is, 5.1 with the four post-release patches available so far.
This is a terse description of the new features added to bash-5.1 since
the release of bash-5.0. As always, the manual page (doc/bash.1) is
the place to look for complete descriptions.
1. New Features in Bash
a. `bind -x' now supports different bindings for different editing modes and
keymaps.
b. Bash attempts to optimize the number of times it forks when executing
commands in subshells and from `bash -c'.
c. Here documents and here strings now use pipes for the expanded document if
it's smaller than the pipe buffer size, reverting to temporary files if it's
larger.
d. There are new loadable builtins: mktemp, accept, mkfifo, csv, cut/lcut
e. In posix mode, `trap -p' now displays signals whose disposition is SIG_DFL
and those that were SIG_IGN when the shell starts.
f. The shell now expands the history number (e.g., in PS1) even if it is not
currently saving commands to the history list.
g. `read -e' may now be used with arbitrary file descriptors (`read -u N').
h. The `select' builtin now runs traps if its internal call to the read builtin
is interrupted by a signal.
i. SRANDOM: a new variable that expands to a 32-bit random number that is not
produced by an LCRNG, and uses getrandom/getentropy, falling back to
/dev/urandom or arc4random if available. There is a fallback generator if
none of these are available.
j. shell-transpose-words: a new bindable readline command that uses the same
definition of word as shell-forward-word, etc.
k. The shell now adds default bindings for shell-forward-word,
shell-backward-word, shell-transpose-words, and shell-kill-word.
l. Bash now allows ARGV0 appearing in the initial shell environment to set $0.
m. If `unset' is executed without option arguments, bash tries to unset a shell
function if a name argument cannot be a shell variable name because it's not
an identifier.
n. The `test -N' operator uses nanosecond timestamp granularity if it's
available.
o. Bash posix mode now treats assignment statements preceding shell function
definitions the same as in its default mode, since POSIX has changed and
no longer requires those assignments to persist after the function returns
(POSIX interp 654).
p. BASH_REMATCH is no longer readonly.
q. wait: has a new -p VARNAME option, which stores the PID returned by `wait -n'
or `wait' without arguments.
r. Sorting the results of pathname expansion now uses byte-by-byte comparisons
if two strings collate equally to impose a total order; the result of a
POSIX interpretation.
s. Bash now allows SIGINT trap handlers to execute recursively.
t. Bash now saves and restores state around setting and unsetting posix mode,
instead of having unsetting posix mode set a known state.
u. Process substitution is now available in posix mode.
v. READLINE_MARK: a new variable available while executing commands bound with
`bind -x', contains the value of the mark.
w. Bash removes SIGCHLD from the set of blocked signals if it's blocked at shell
startup.
x. `test -v N' can now test whether or not positional parameter N is set.
y. `local' now honors the `-p' option to display all local variables at the
current context.
z. The `@a' variable transformation now prints attributes for unset array
variables.
aa. The `@A' variable transformation now prints a declare command that sets a
variable's attributes if the variable has attributes but is unset.
bb. `declare' and `local' now have a -I option that inherits attributes and
value from a variable with the same name at a previous scope.
cc. When run from a -c command, `jobs' now reports the status of completed jobs.
dd. New `U', `u', and `L' parameter transformations to convert to uppercase,
convert first character to uppercase, and convert to lowercase,
respectively.
ee. PROMPT_COMMAND: can now be an array variable, each element of which can
contain a command to be executed like a string PROMPT_COMMAND variable.
ff. `ulimit' has a -R option to report and set the RLIMIT_RTTIME resource.
gg. Associative arrays may be assigned using a list of key-value pairs within
a compound assignment. Compound assignments where the words are not of
the form [key]=value are assumed to be key-value assignments. A missing or
empty key is an error; a missing value is treated as NULL. Assignments may
not mix the two forms.
hh. New `K' parameter transformation to display associative arrays as key-
value pairs.
ii. Writing history to syslog now handles messages longer than the syslog max
length by writing multiple messages with a sequence number.
jj. SECONDS and RANDOM may now be assigned using arithmetic expressions, since
they are nominally integer variables. LINENO is not an integer variable.
kk. Bash temporarily suppresses the verbose option when running the DEBUG trap
while running a command from the `fc' builtin.
ll. `wait -n' now accepts a list of job specifications as arguments and will
wait for the first one in the list to change state.
mm. The associative array implementation can now dynamically increase the
size of the hash table based on insertion patterns.
nn. HISTFILE is now readonly in a restricted shell.
oo. The bash malloc now returns memory that is 16-byte aligned on 64-bit
systems.
pp. If the hash builtin is listing hashed filenames portably, don't print
anything if the table is empty.
qq. GLOBIGNORE now ignores `.' and `..' as a terminal pathname component.
rr. Bash attempts to optimize away forks in the last command in a function body
under appropriate circumstances.
ss. The globbing code now uses fnmatch(3) to check collation elements (if
available) even in cases without multibyte characters.
tt. The `fg' and `bg' builtins now return an error in a command substitution
when asked to restart a job inherited from the parent shell.
uu. The shell now attempts to unlink all FIFOs on exit, whether a consuming
process has finished with them or not.
vv. There is a new contributed loadable builtin: asort.
2. New Features in Readline
a. If a second consecutive completion attempt produces matches where the first
did not, treat it as a new completion attempt and insert a match as
appropriate.
b. Bracketed paste mode works in more places: incremental search strings, vi
overstrike mode, character search, and reading numeric arguments.
c. Readline automatically switches to horizontal scrolling if the terminal has
only one line.
d. Unbinding all key sequences bound to a particular readline function now
descends into keymaps for multi-key sequences.
e. rl-clear-display: new bindable command that clears the screen and, if
possible, the scrollback buffer (bound to emacs mode M-C-l by default).
f. New active mark and face feature: when enabled, it will highlight the text
inserted by a bracketed paste (the `active region') and the text found by
incremental and non-incremental history searches. This is tied to bracketed
paste and can be disabled by turning off bracketed paste.
g. Readline sets the mark in several additional commands.
h. Bracketed paste mode is enabled by default.
i. Readline tries to take advantage of the more regular structure of UTF-8
characters to identify the beginning and end of characters when moving
through the line buffer.
j. The bindable operate-and-get-next command (and its default bindings) are
now part of readline instead of a bash-specific addition.
k. The signal cleanup code now blocks SIGINT while processing after a SIGINT.
This fixes:
In certain cases, bash does not perform quoted null removal on patterns
that are used as part of word expansions such as ${parameter##pattern}, so
empty patterns are treated as non-empty
Patch 16 was for this problem:
Bash waits too long to reap /dev/fd process substitutions used as redirections
with loops and group commands, which can lead to file descriptor exhaustion.
Patch 17 (this one):
There were cases where patch 16 reaped process substitution file descriptors
(or FIFOs) and processes to early. This is a better fix for the problem that
bash50-016 attempted to solve.
New patches:
12: avoid moving back from oldest history entry to invalid data
13: bug fix for reading history entries with timestamps
14: fix emacs C-xC-e binding so it doesn't edit previous line
if the current one is empty
15: weird aliasing bug with aliases in bash -c command line fixed.
16: earlier clean up of /dev/fd fds used in process substitutions.
Read the patch files for (slightly) expanded information.
pkglint --only "https instead of http" -r -F
With manual adjustments afterwards since pkglint 19.4.4 fixed a few
indentations in unrelated lines.
This mainly affects projects hosted at SourceForce, as well as
freedesktop.org, CTAN and GNU.
10: fix var-assigns before special builtins & fn calls in posix mode
11: fixed missing quoted nul removal (in one odd case).
See the patch files (once fetched) for more details of what was altered.
The patches fix:
1. Under certain circumstances, the glob expansion code did not remove
backslashes escaping characters in directory names (or portions of a
pattern preceding a slash).
2. When an alias value ends with an unquoted literal tab (not part of a quoted
string or comment), alias expansion cannot correctly detect the end of the
alias value after expanding it.
3. There are several incompatibilities in how bash-5.0 processes pathname
expansion (globbing) of filename arguments that have backslashes in the
directory portion.
4. In bash-5.0, the `wait' builtin without arguments waits for all children
of the shell. This includes children it `inherited' at shell invocation time.
This patch modifies the behavior to not wait for these inherited children,
some of which might be long-lived.
5. In certain cases, bash optimizes out a fork() call too early and prevents
traps from running.
6. Bash-5.0 did not build successfully if SYSLOG_HISTORY was defined without
also defining SYSLOG_SHOPT.
7. Running `exec' when job control was disabled, even temporarily, but after it
had been initialized, could leave the terminal in the wrong process group for
the executed process.
Changelog:
This is a terse description of the new features added to bash-5.0 since
the release of bash-4.4. As always, the manual page (doc/bash.1) is
the place to look for complete descriptions.
1. New Features in Bash
a. The `wait' builtin can now wait for the last process substitution created.
b. There is an EPOCHSECONDS variable, which expands to the time in seconds
since the Unix epoch.
c. There is an EPOCHREALTIME variable, which expands to the time in seconds
since the Unix epoch with microsecond granularity.
d. New loadable builtins: rm, stat, fdflags.
e. BASH_ARGV0: a new variable that expands to $0 and sets $0 on assignment.
f. When supplied a numeric argument, the shell-expand-line bindable readline
command does not perform quote removal and suppresses command and process
substitution.
g. `history -d' understands negative arguments: negative arguments offset from
the end of the history list.
h. The `name' argument to the `coproc' reserved word now undergoes word
expansion, so unique coprocs can be created in loops.
i. A nameref name resolution loop in a function now resolves to a variable by
that name in the global scope.
j. The `wait' builtin now has a `-f' option, which signfies to wait until the
specified job or process terminates, instead of waiting until it changes
state.
k. There is a define in config-top.h that allows the shell to use a static
value for $PATH, overriding whatever is in the environment at startup, for
use by the restricted shell.
l. Process substitution does not inherit the `v' option, like command
substitution.
m. If a non-interactive shell with job control enabled detects that a foreground
job died due to SIGINT, it acts as if it received the SIGINT.
n. The SIGCHLD trap is run once for each exiting child process even if job
control is not enabled when the shell is in Posix mode.
o. A new shopt option: localvar_inherit; if set, a local variable inherits the
value of a variable with the same name at the nearest preceding scope.
p. `bind -r' now checks whether a key sequence is bound before binding it to
NULL, to avoid creating keymaps for a multi-key sequence.
q. A numeric argument to the line editing `operate-and-get-next' command
specifies which history entry to use.
r. The positional parameters are now assigned before running the shell startup
files, so startup files can use $@.
s. There is a compile-time option that forces the shell to disable the check
for an inherited OLDPWD being a directory.
t. The `history' builtin can now delete ranges of history entries using
`-d start-end'.
u. The `vi-edit-and-execute-command' bindable readline command now puts readline
back in vi insertion mode after executing commands from the edited file.
v. The command completion code now matches aliases and shell function names
case-insensitively if the readline completion-ignore-case variable is set.
w. There is a new `assoc_expand_once' shell option that attempts to expand
associative array subscripts only once.
x. The shell only sets up BASH_ARGV and BASH_ARGC at startup if extended
debugging mode is active. The old behavior of unconditionally setting them
is available as part of the shell compatibility options.
y. The `umask' builtin now allows modes and masks greater than octal 777.
z. The `times' builtin now honors the current locale when printing a decimal
point.
aa. There is a new (disabled by default, undocumented) shell option to enable
and disable sending history to syslog at runtime.
bb. Bash no longer allows variable assignments preceding a special builtin that
changes variable attributes to propagate back to the calling environment
unless the compatibility level is 44 or lower.
cc. You can set the default value for $HISTSIZE at build time in config-top.h.
dd. The `complete' builtin now accepts a -I option that applies the completion
to the initial word on the line.
ee. The internal bash malloc now uses mmap (if available) to satisfy requests
greater than 128K bytes, so free can use mfree to return the pages to the
kernel.
ff. The shell doesn't automatically set BASH_ARGC and BASH_ARGV at startup
unless it's in debugging mode, as the documentation has always said, but
will dynamically create them if a script references them at the top level
without having enabled debugging mode.
gg. The localvar_inherit option will not attempt to inherit a value from a
variable of an incompatible type (indexed vs. associative arrays, for
example).
hh. The `globasciiranges' option is now enabled by default; it can be set to
off by default at configuration time.
ii. Associative and indexed arrays now allow subscripts consisting solely of
whitespace.
jj. `checkwinsize' is now enabled by default.
kk. The `localvar_unset' shopt option is now visible and documented.
ll. The `progcomp_alias' shopt option is now visible and documented.
mm. The signal name processing code now understands `SIGRTMIN+n' all the way
up to SIGRTMAX.
nn. There is a new `seq' loadable builtin.
oo. Trap execution now honors the (internal) max invocations of `eval', since
traps are supposed to be executed as if using `eval'.
pp. The $_ variable doesn't change when the shell executes a command that forks.
qq. The `kill' builtin now supports -sSIGNAME and -nSIGNUM, even though
conforming applications aren't supposed to use them.
rr. POSIX mode now enables the `shift_verbose' option.
2. New Features in Readline
a. Non-incremental vi-mode search (`N', `n') can search for a shell pattern, as
Posix specifies (uses fnmatch(3) if available).
b. There are new `next-screen-line' and `previous-screen-line' bindable
commands, which move the cursor to the same column in the next, or previous,
physical line, respectively.
c. There are default key bindings for control-arrow-key key combinations.
d. A negative argument (-N) to `quoted-insert' means to insert the next N
characters using quoted-insert.
e. New public function: rl_check_signals(), which allows applications to
respond to signals that readline catches while waiting for input using
a custom read function.
f. There is new support for conditionally testing the readline version in an
inputrc file, with a full set of arithmetic comparison operators available.
g. There is a simple variable comparison facility available for use within an
inputrc file. Allowable operators are equality and inequality; string
variables may be compared to a value; boolean variables must be compared to
either `on' or `off'; variable names are separated from the operator by
whitespace.
h. The history expansion library now understands command and process
substitution and extended globbing and allows them to appear anywhere in a
word.
i. The history library has a new variable that allows applications to set the
initial quoting state, so quoting state can be inherited from a previous
line.
j. Readline now allows application-defined keymap names; there is a new public
function, rl_set_keymap_name(), to do that.
k. The "Insert" keypad key, if available, now puts readline into overwrite
mode.
Changelog:
Bug-Description:
With certain values for PS1, especially those that wrap onto three or more
lines, readline will miscalculate the number of invisible characters,
leading to crashes and core dumps.
changes:
patch 06:
Out-of-range negative offsets to popd can cause the shell to crash attempting
to free an invalid memory block.
patch 07:
When performing filename completion, bash dequotes the directory name being
completed, which can result in match failures and potential unwanted
expansion.
patch 08:
Under certain circumstances, bash will evaluate arithmetic expressions as
part of reading an expression token even when evaluation is suppressed. This
happens while evaluating a conditional expression and skipping over the
failed branch of the expression.
patch 09:
Depending on compiler optimizations and behavior, the `read' builtin may not
save partial input when a timeout occurs.
patch 10:
Depending on compiler optimizations and behavior, the `read' builtin may not
save partial input when a timeout occurs.
patch 11:
Subshells begun to run command and process substitutions may attempt to
set the terminal's process group to an incorrect value if they receive
a fatal signal. This depends on the behavior of the process that starts
the shell.
MASTER_SITES= site1 \
site2
style continuation lines to be simple repeated
MASTER_SITES+= site1
MASTER_SITES+= site2
lines. As previewed on tech-pkg. With thanks to rillig for fixing pkglint
accordingly.
This is a terse description of the new features added to bash-4.4 since
the release of bash-4.3. As always, the manual page (doc/bash.1) is
the place to look for complete descriptions.
1. New Features in Bash
a. There is now a settable configuration #define that will cause the shell
to exit if the shell is running setuid without the -p option and setuid
to the real uid fails.
b. Command and process substitutions now turn off the `-v' option when
executing, as other shells seem to do.
c. The default value for the `checkhash' shell option may now be set at
compile time with a #define.
d. The `mapfile' builtin now has a -d option to use an arbitrary character
as the record delimiter, and a -t option to strip the delimiter as
supplied with -d.
e. The maximum number of nested recursive calls to `eval' is now settable in
config-top.h; the default is no limit.
f. The `-p' option to declare and similar builtins will display attributes for
named variables even when those variables have not been assigned values
(which are technically unset).
g. The maximum number of nested recursive calls to `source' is now settable
in config-top.h; the default is no limit.
h. All builtin commands recognize the `--help' option and print a usage
summary.
i. Bash does not allow function names containing `/' and `=' to be exported.
j. The `ulimit' builtin has new -k (kqueues) and -P (pseudoterminals) options.
k. The shell now allows `time ; othercommand' to time null commands.
l. There is a new `--enable-function-import' configuration option to allow
importing shell functions from the environment; import is enabled by
default.
m. `printf -v var ""' will now set `var' to the empty string, as if `var=""'
had been executed.
n. GLOBIGNORE, the pattern substitution word expansion, and programmable
completion match filtering now honor the value of the `nocasematch' option.
o. There is a new ${parameter@spec} family of operators to transform the
value of `parameter'.
p. Bash no longer attempts to perform compound assignment if a variable on the
rhs of an assignment statement argument to `declare' has the form of a
compound assignment (e.g., w='(word)' ; declare foo=$w); compound
assignments are accepted if the variable was already declared as an array,
but with a warning.
q. The declare builtin no longer displays array variables using the compound
assignment syntax with quotes; that will generate warnings when re-used as
input, and isn't necessary.
r. Executing the rhs of && and || will no longer cause the shell to fork if
it's not necessary.
s. The `local' builtin takes a new argument: `-', which will cause it to save
and the single-letter shell options and restore their previous values at
function return.
t. `complete' and `compgen' have a new `-o nosort' option, which forces
readline to not sort the completion matches.
u. Bash now allows waiting for the most recent process substitution, since it
appears as $!.
v. The `unset' builtin now unsets a scalar variable if it is subscripted with
a `0', analogous to the ${var[0]} expansion.
w. `set -i' is no longer valid, as in other shells.
x. BASH_SUBSHELL is now updated for process substitution and group commands
in pipelines, and is available with the same value when running any exit
trap.
y. Bash now checks $INSIDE_EMACS as well as $EMACS when deciding whether or
not bash is being run in a GNU Emacs shell window.
z. Bash now treats SIGINT received when running a non-builtin command in a
loop the way it has traditionally treated running a builtin command:
running any trap handler and breaking out of the loop.
aa. New variable: EXECIGNORE; a colon-separate list of patterns that will
cause matching filenames to be ignored when searching for commands.
bb. Aliases whose value ends in a shell metacharacter now expand in a way to
allow them to be `pasted' to the next token, which can potentially change
the meaning of a command (e.g., turning `&' into `&&').
cc. `make install' now installs the example loadable builtins and a set of
bash headers to use when developing new loadable builtins.
dd. `enable -f' now attempts to call functions named BUILTIN_builtin_load when
loading BUILTIN, and BUILTIN_builtin_unload when deleting it. This allows
loadable builtins to run initialization and cleanup code.
ee. There is a new BASH_LOADABLES_PATH variable containing a list of directories
where the `enable -f' command looks for shared objects containing loadable
builtins.
ff. The `complete_fullquote' option to `shopt' changes filename completion to
quote all shell metacharacters in filenames and directory names.
gg. The `kill' builtin now has a `-L' option, equivalent to `-l', for
compatibility with Linux standalone versions of kill.
hh. BASH_COMPAT and FUNCNEST can be inherited and set from the shell's initial
environment.
ii. inherit_errexit: a new `shopt' option that, when set, causes command
substitutions to inherit the -e option. By default, those subshells disable
-e. It's enabled as part of turning on posix mode.
jj. New prompt string: PS0. Expanded and displayed by interactive shells after
reading a complete command but before executing it.
kk. Interactive shells now behave as if SIGTSTP/SIGTTIN/SIGTTOU are set to
SIG_DFL when the shell is started, so they are set to SIG_DFL in child
processes.
ll. Posix-mode shells now allow double quotes to quote the history expansion
character.
mm. OLDPWD can be inherited from the environment if it names a directory.
nn. Shells running as root no longer inherit PS4 from the environment, closing
a security hole involving PS4 expansion performing command substitution.
oo. If executing an implicit `cd' when the `autocd' option is set, bash will
now invoke a function named `cd' if one exists before executing the `cd'
builtin.
pp. Value conversions (arithmetic expansions, case modification, etc.) now
happen when assigning elements of an array using compound assignment.
qq. There is a new option settable in config-top.h that makes multiple
directory arguments to `cd' a fatal error.
rr. Bash now uses mktemp() when creating internal temporary files; it produces
a warning at build time on many Linux systems.
2. New Features in Readline
a. The history truncation code now uses the same error recovery mechansim as
the history writing code, and restores the old version of the history file
on error. The error recovery mechanism handles symlinked history files.
b. There is a new bindable variable, `enable-bracketed-paste', which enables
support for a terminal's bracketed paste mode.
c. The editing mode indicators can now be strings and are user-settable
(new `emacs-mode-string', `vi-cmd-mode-string' and `vi-ins-mode-string'
variables). Mode strings can contain invisible character sequences.
Setting mode strings to null strings restores the defaults.
d. Prompt expansion adds the mode string to the last line of a multi-line
prompt (one with embedded newlines).
e. There is a new bindable variable, `colored-completion-prefix', which, if
set, causes the common prefix of a set of possible completions to be
displayed in color.
f. There is a new bindable command `vi-yank-pop', a vi-mode version of emacs-
mode yank-pop.
g. The redisplay code underwent several efficiency improvements for multibyte
locales.
h. The insert-char function attempts to batch-insert all pending typeahead
that maps to self-insert, as long as it is coming from the terminal.
i. rl_callback_sigcleanup: a new application function that can clean up and
unset any state set by readline's callback mode. Intended to be used
after a signal.
j. If an incremental search string has its last character removed with DEL, the
resulting empty search string no longer matches the previous line.
k. If readline reads a history file that begins with `#' (or the value of
the history comment character) and has enabled history timestamps, the
history entries are assumed to be delimited by timestamps. This allows
multi-line history entries.
l. Readline now throws an error if it parses a key binding without a
terminating `:' or whitespace.
m. The default binding for ^W in vi mode now uses word boundaries specified
by Posix (vi-unix-word-rubout is bindable command name).
n. rl_clear_visible_line: new application-callable function; clears all
screen lines occupied by the current visible readline line.
o. rl_tty_set_echoing: application-callable function that controls whether
or not readline thinks it is echoing terminal output.
p. Handle >| and strings of digits preceding and following redirection
specifications as single tokens when tokenizing the line for history
expansion.
q. Fixed a bug with displaying completions when the prefix display length
is greater than the length of the completions to be displayed.
r. The :p history modifier now applies to the entire line, so any expansion
specifying :p causes the line to be printed instead of expanded.
s. New application-callable function: rl_pending_signal(): returns the signal
number of any signal readline has caught but not yet handled.
t. New application-settable variable: rl_persistent_signal_handlers: if set
to a non-zero value, readline will enable the readline-6.2 signal handler
behavior in callback mode: handlers are installed when
rl_callback_handler_install is called and removed removed when a complete
line has been read.
Existing SHA1 digests verified, all found to be the same on the
machine holding the existing distfiles (morden). Existing SHA1
digests retained for now as an audit trail.
