127 lines
4.5 KiB
Text
127 lines
4.5 KiB
Text
NAME
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ipw - get IP address whois information
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SYNOPSIS
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ipw [-a] [-n] [-c] [-C] [-t] [-v] [-T secs] address
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ipw [-a] [-n] [-c] [-C] [-t] [-v] [-T secs] host
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ipw [-a] [-n] [-c] [-C] [-t] [-v] [-T secs] handle
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DESCRIPTION
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The ipw program attempts to obtain the most relevant IP address regis-
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tration record for a given IP address. It does so by trying each of
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several major WHOIS servers, in turn, until it finds a relevant record.
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The WHOIS servers that are consulted for IP address registration
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records are:
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whois.arin.net
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whois.ripe.net
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whois.apnic.net
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whois.aunic.net
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If any of these contains a relevant registration record for the given
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IP address, that record will be printed to stdout. By default, the
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entire registration record is printed to stdout, unless any combination
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of the -a, -n, or -t options are given; in which case only the specific
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information requested is displayed.
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If the case of ARIN registration records, if there are multiple regis-
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tration records covering address ranges which include the given IP
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address, then the record relating to the numerically smallest such
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IP address range is selected and then printed to stdout.
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Note that ``handle'' may be prefixed with "ARIN:", "RIPE:", "APNIC:",
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or "AUNIC:" (case sensitive) in order to manually select a whois
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server when searching by nic handle. Normally, each of the whois
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servers is consulted consecutively until a match is found for a given
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nic handle, because a handle by itself does not include enough
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information to automatically select the most appropriate server.
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These prefixes are included in the output generated by the -n option.
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The -a option selects IP address range mode. In this mode, the
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smallest enclosing address range is printed to stdout, rather than
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the entire registration record.
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The -n option selects nic-handle mode, where the "handle", or name,
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for the specified netblock is printed to stdout. The -N option also
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selects nic-handle mode, but generates a prefix to the handle that
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indicates which registry the handle belongs to (see above).
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The -c option selects contacts mode. In this mode, the relevant
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contact E-mail addresses are printed to stdout, rather than the entire
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registration record. If there is more than one contact E-mail address
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in the relevant registration record, then sequential addresses will
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be separated by a comma and a space on stdout.
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The -C option is just like the -c option, except that the block con-
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tact E-mail addresses are output one per line, rather than all on a
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single line separated by commas.
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The -t option is present only for reasons of backward compatability.
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It has the exact same effect as the -c option described above.
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The -T option may be used to adjust the timeout period (in seconds)
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used when attempting to connect to the various WHOIS servers. The
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default timeout used when no -t option is specified is 0, which is
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treated as actually representing infinity (i.e. no timeout). Note
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however that the underlying TCP protocol may generate a timeout in
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some cases.
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NOTES
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A valid Internet hostname may be given in place of the IP address
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argument, in which case that hostname will be looked-up using DNS
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and the registration record search will be applied to the first
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registered IP address associated with that hostname.
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There are many valid IP addresses for which no relevant registration
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records exist. For example, addresses in the 10.0.0.0/8 address
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block and addresses in the 192.168/16 address block have no relevant
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registration records. There are many other such ranges.
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Ideally, when the input is an ARIN, RIPE, or APNIC handle, we should
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check to see if it has a prefix or suffix that might tip us off as
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to which of these three registries we should look up the handle in
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first. Normally, we will attempt lookups in ARIN, then RIPE, and then
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APNIC, but the following handle suffixes and prefixes could help us
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to avoid many pointless lookups:
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RIPE suffixes and prefixes:
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*-RIPE
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*-NO
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AT-*
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SE-*
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FR-*
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DE-*
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IT-*
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RU-*
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SK-*
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APNIC suffixes:
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*-AP
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*-JP
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*-AU (Data actually in the AUNIC!)
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*-TW
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*-CN
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*-NZ
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*-TH
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*-MY
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*-MN
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*-ID
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*-HK
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*-SG
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RETURN VALUE
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Ipw will exit with a zero (0) status code if all goes well, or with a
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one (1) if no relevant registration records for the given IP address
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were found, or two (2) if there were any sort of internal or communica-
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tions errors.
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VERSION
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3.3a
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AUTHOR
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Ronald F. Guilmette <rfg@monkeys.com>
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Contributions by Marty Bower <marty@mjhb.marina-del-rey.ca.us>
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