94 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
94 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
# APT package manager
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APT (_Advanced Package Tool_) is the main command-line package manager for Debian, Ubuntu and their derivatives (including TUXEDO OS, Linux Mint, Pop!_OS, etc.).
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It provides a set of command-line tools to download, install, remove, upgrade, configure and manage software packages on Debian and Ubuntu systems.
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## Basic APT commands
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Although grafical frontends like _Synaptic_ exist, it's always good to know the basic commands of the _apt_ command-line interface.
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### Updating the repository index
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```shell
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sudo apt update
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```
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### Installing a package
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```shell
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sudo apt install <package>
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```
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### Reinstalling a package
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```shell
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sudo apt reinstall <package>
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```
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### Removing a package
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```shell
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sudo apt remove <package>
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```
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### Upgrading packages
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```shell
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sudo apt upgrade # upgrades all packages
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sudo apt upgrade <package> # upgrades only a specific package
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```
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### Listing all installed packages
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```shell
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apt list --installed
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```
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### Searching for packages
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```shell
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apt search <string> # searches in package names and descriptions
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```
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or:
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```shell
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apt list | grep <string>
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```
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## Synaptic package manager
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_Synaptic_ is a graphical package management program for APT.
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To install Synaptic:
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```shell
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sudo apt install synaptic
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```
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Note: on TUXEDO OS, Synaptic is preinstalled. You can find it in the applications menu, under the "Settings" category.
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## Editing APT sources
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APT downloads packages from one or more software repositories (sources). The specific repositories configured on your machine affect:
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- What software packages are available for download
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- What versions of packages are available
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- Who packages the software
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The main APT sources configuration file is at `/etc/apt/sources.list`.
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To add custom sources, or edit the existing ones, you can edit this file (with root privileges) or create separate `*.list` files under the directory `/etc/apt/sources.list.d/`.
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## Further reading
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- Debian Wiki:
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- [Package Management](https://wiki.debian.org/PackageManagement)
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- [Package Management Tools](https://wiki.debian.org/PackageManagementTools)
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- [Apt CLI](https://wiki.debian.org/AptCLI)
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- [Synaptic](https://wiki.debian.org/Synaptic)
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- [Sources List](https://wiki.debian.org/SourcesList)
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- Debian Reference Manual:
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- [Chapter 2. Debian package management](https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en.html)
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- [apt manual page](https://manpages.debian.org/apt/apt.8)
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- [sources.list manual page](https://manpages.debian.org/apt/sources.list.5)
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