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gpodder/src/gpodder/youtube.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# gPodder - A media aggregator and podcast client
# Copyright (c) 2005-2018 The gPodder Team
#
# gPodder is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# gPodder is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# gpodder.youtube - YouTube and related magic
# Justin Forest <justin.forest@gmail.com> 2008-10-13
#
import gpodder
from gpodder import util
import os.path
import logging
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
import json
import re
import urllib.request, urllib.parse, urllib.error
from urllib.parse import parse_qs
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube#Quality_and_codecs
# format id, (preferred ids, path(?), description) # video bitrate, audio bitrate
formats = [
# WebM VP8 video, Vorbis audio
# Fallback to an MP4 version of same quality.
# Try 34 (FLV 360p H.264 AAC) if 18 (MP4 360p) fails.
# Fallback to 6 or 5 (FLV Sorenson H.263 MP3) if all fails.
(46, ([46, 37, 45, 22, 44, 35, 43, 18, 6, 34, 5], '45/1280x720/99/0/0', 'WebM 1080p (1920x1080)')), # N/A, 192 kbps
(45, ([45, 22, 44, 35, 43, 18, 6, 34, 5], '45/1280x720/99/0/0', 'WebM 720p (1280x720)')), # 2.0 Mbps, 192 kbps
(44, ([44, 35, 43, 18, 6, 34, 5], '44/854x480/99/0/0', 'WebM 480p (854x480)')), # 1.0 Mbps, 128 kbps
(43, ([43, 18, 6, 34, 5], '43/640x360/99/0/0', 'WebM 360p (640x360)')), # 0.5 Mbps, 128 kbps
# MP4 H.264 video, AAC audio
# Try 35 (FLV 480p H.264 AAC) between 720p and 360p because there's no MP4 480p.
# Try 34 (FLV 360p H.264 AAC) if 18 (MP4 360p) fails.
# Fallback to 6 or 5 (FLV Sorenson H.263 MP3) if all fails.
(38, ([38, 37, 22, 35, 18, 34, 6, 5], '38/1920x1080/9/0/115', 'MP4 4K 3072p (4096x3072)')), # 5.0 - 3.5 Mbps, 192 kbps
(37, ([37, 22, 35, 18, 34, 6, 5], '37/1920x1080/9/0/115', 'MP4 HD 1080p (1920x1080)')), # 4.3 - 3.0 Mbps, 192 kbps
(22, ([22, 35, 18, 34, 6, 5], '22/1280x720/9/0/115', 'MP4 HD 720p (1280x720)')), # 2.9 - 2.0 Mbps, 192 kbps
(18, ([18, 34, 6, 5], '18/640x360/9/0/115', 'MP4 360p (640x360)')), # 0.5 Mbps, 96 kbps
# FLV H.264 video, AAC audio
# Does not check for 360p MP4.
# Fallback to 6 or 5 (FLV Sorenson H.263 MP3) if all fails.
(35, ([35, 34, 6, 5], '35/854x480/9/0/115', 'FLV 480p (854x480)')), # 1 - 0.80 Mbps, 128 kbps
(34, ([34, 6, 5], '34/640x360/9/0/115', 'FLV 360p (640x360)')), # 0.50 Mbps, 128 kbps
# FLV Sorenson H.263 video, MP3 audio
(6, ([6, 5], '5/480x270/7/0/0', 'FLV 270p (480x270)')), # 0.80 Mbps, 64 kbps
(5, ([5], '5/320x240/7/0/0', 'FLV 240p (320x240)')), # 0.25 Mbps, 64 kbps
]
formats_dict = dict(formats)
V3_API_ENDPOINT = 'https://www.googleapis.com/youtube/v3'
CHANNEL_VIDEOS_XML = 'https://www.youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml'
class YouTubeError(Exception): pass
def get_fmt_ids(youtube_config):
fmt_ids = youtube_config.preferred_fmt_ids
if not fmt_ids:
format = formats_dict.get(youtube_config.preferred_fmt_id)
if format is None:
fmt_ids = []
else:
fmt_ids, path, description = format
return fmt_ids
def get_real_download_url(url, preferred_fmt_ids=None):
if not preferred_fmt_ids:
preferred_fmt_ids, _, _ = formats_dict[22] # MP4 720p
vid = get_youtube_id(url)
if vid is not None:
page = None
url = 'http://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&el=detailpage&video_id=' + vid
while page is None:
req = util.http_request(url, method='GET')
if 'location' in req.msg:
url = req.msg['location']
else:
page = req.read()
page = page.decode()
# Try to find the best video format available for this video
# (http://forum.videohelp.com/topic336882-1800.html#1912972)
def find_urls(page):
r4 = re.search('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map=([^&]+)', page)
if r4 is not None:
fmt_url_map = urllib.parse.unquote(r4.group(1))
for fmt_url_encoded in fmt_url_map.split(','):
video_info = parse_qs(fmt_url_encoded)
yield int(video_info['itag'][0]), video_info['url'][0]
else:
error_info = parse_qs(page)
error_message = util.remove_html_tags(error_info['reason'][0])
raise YouTubeError('Cannot download video: %s' % error_message)
fmt_id_url_map = sorted(find_urls(page), reverse=True)
if not fmt_id_url_map:
raise YouTubeError('fmt_url_map not found for video ID "%s"' % vid)
# Default to the highest fmt_id if we don't find a match below
_, url = fmt_id_url_map[0]
formats_available = set(fmt_id for fmt_id, url in fmt_id_url_map)
fmt_id_url_map = dict(fmt_id_url_map)
for id in preferred_fmt_ids:
id = int(id)
if id in formats_available:
format = formats_dict.get(id)
if format is not None:
_, _, description = format
else:
description = 'Unknown'
logger.info('Found YouTube format: %s (fmt_id=%d)',
description, id)
url = fmt_id_url_map[id]
break
return url
def get_youtube_id(url):
r = re.compile('http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/v/(.*)\.swf', re.IGNORECASE).match(url)
if r is not None:
return r.group(1)
r = re.compile('http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/watch\?v=([^&]*)', re.IGNORECASE).match(url)
if r is not None:
return r.group(1)
r = re.compile('http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/v/(.*)[?]', re.IGNORECASE).match(url)
if r is not None:
return r.group(1)
return for_each_feed_pattern(lambda url, channel: channel, url, None)
def is_video_link(url):
return (get_youtube_id(url) is not None)
def is_youtube_guid(guid):
return guid.startswith('tag:youtube.com,2008:video:')
def for_each_feed_pattern(func, url, fallback_result):
"""
Try to find the username for all possible YouTube feed/webpage URLs
Will call func(url, channel) for each match, and if func() returns
a result other than None, returns this. If no match is found or
func() returns None, return fallback_result.
"""
CHANNEL_MATCH_PATTERNS = [
'http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/user/([a-z0-9]+)',
'http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/profile?user=([a-z0-9]+)',
'http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/channel/([-_a-zA-Z0-9]+)',
'http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/rss/user/([a-z0-9]+)/videos\.rss',
'http[s]?://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/users/([^/]+)/uploads',
'http[s]?://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/base/users/([^/]+)/uploads',
'http[s]?://(?:[a-z]+\.)?youtube\.com/feeds/videos.xml\?channel_id=([-_a-zA-Z0-9]+)',
]
for pattern in CHANNEL_MATCH_PATTERNS:
m = re.match(pattern, url, re.IGNORECASE)
if m is not None:
result = func(url, m.group(1))
if result is not None:
return result
return fallback_result
def get_real_channel_url(url):
def return_user_feed(url, channel):
result = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/users/{0}/uploads'.format(channel)
logger.debug('YouTube link resolved: %s => %s', url, result)
return result
return for_each_feed_pattern(return_user_feed, url, url)
def get_real_cover(url):
def return_user_cover(url, channel):
try:
api_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/{0}'.format(channel)
data = util.urlopen(api_url).read().decode('utf-8')
# Look for 900x900px image first.
m = re.search('<link rel="image_src"[^>]* href=[\'"]([^\'"]+)[\'"][^>]*>', data)
if m is None:
# Fallback to image that may only be 100x100px.
m = re.search('<img class="channel-header-profile-image"[^>]* src=[\'"]([^\'"]+)[\'"][^>]*>', data)
if m is not None:
logger.debug('YouTube userpic for %s is: %s', url, m.group(1))
return m.group(1)
except Exception as e:
logger.warn('Could not retrieve cover art', exc_info=True)
return None
return None
return for_each_feed_pattern(return_user_cover, url, None)
def get_channels_for_user(username, api_key_v3):
# already a channel ID: return videos.xml.
# Can't rely on automatic discovery, see #371
if username.startswith('UC'):
try:
url = '{0}?channel_id={1}'.format(CHANNEL_VIDEOS_XML, username)
stream = util.urlopen(url)
return [url]
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
logger.debug("get_channels_for_user(%s) not a channel id (got %i response code)", username, e.code)
except:
logger.error("get_channels_for_user(%s) not a channel id (got unexpected exception)", username)
# try username to channel ID conversion
stream = util.urlopen('{0}/channels?forUsername={1}&part=id&key={2}'.format(V3_API_ENDPOINT, username, api_key_v3))
data = json.load(stream)
return ['{0}?channel_id={1}'.format(CHANNEL_VIDEOS_XML, item['id']) for item in data['items']]
def resolve_v3_url(url, api_key_v3):
# Check if it's a YouTube feed, and if we have an API key, auto-resolve the channel
if url and api_key_v3:
_, user = for_each_feed_pattern(lambda url, channel: (url, channel), url, (None, None))
if user is not None:
logger.info('Getting channels for YouTube user %s', user)
new_urls = get_channels_for_user(user, api_key_v3)
logger.debug('YouTube channels retrieved: %r', new_urls)
if len(new_urls) == 1:
return new_urls[0]
return url
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