Splitting the docs
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* Emacs tutorial
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Some hints to use GNU-emacs
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Emacs is a modular and extensible text editor. Users can customize and use only the
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specific packages that are needed for their tasks.
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Emacs is free software project with many years of development and a very active
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community.
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This editor can be used for multiple purposes, for instance:
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- Edit files from different programming languages or any plain text
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- Access a shell and execute tasks in a machine
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- Write, edit and export text in multiple formats (html, odt, pdf...)
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- Read texts (pdf, epub, html...)
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- Create slides/presentations
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- Build diagrams
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- Browse the internet
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- Explore and edit a computer file system
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- Keep track of tasks using agenda, daily, contact list, "to-do" list...
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- Arrange and track multiple projects and tasks
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- Use your email
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- Listen music and watch videos
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* Contents
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* [[./doc/init_emacs.org][Initialize emacs]]
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* [[./doc/help.org][Manuals and help about using emacs]]
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* [[./doc/movement.org][Movement and text edition]]
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* Using emacs commands
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* [[./doc/using_meta.org][Using 'meta' (M-x)]]
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* [[./doc/using_alt.org][Using 'Alt' (M)]]
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* [[./doc/using_ctrl_x.org][Using 'CTRL + x']]
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* [[./doc/using_ctrl.org][Using 'CTRL']]
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* [[./doc/ddbb_use.org][Using ddbd to keep your contacts]]
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* [[./doc/org_intro.org][Introduction to emacs org-mode]]
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* [[./doc/dired.org][How to use 'dired']]
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* [[./doc/packages.org][Dealing with packages in emacs]]
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* [[./doc/R_in_emacs.org][Using R in emacs]]
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* [[./doc/links_emacs.org][Links to learn more about emacs]]
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* To-do list
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** TODO [#A] Read about 'info' package :read:
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** TODO [#A] Read this https://plantarum.ca/ :read:
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#+DATE: 2021
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* Using R within emacs
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** Open R manuals in Emacs-ess
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The function ~?help.start()~ from ~utils~ package doesn't open the R manuals
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in R vanilla
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#+begin_src R
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?help.start()
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#+end_src
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#+RESULTS:
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To find the help files with rutils in Emacs-ess, use:
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: M-x ess-rutils-html-docs
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To open the help documents in browser, check the value of variable
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and set the browser
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#+begin_src R
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test <- options()
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head(test)
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#+end_src
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#+RESULTS:
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| TRUE | cairo | iceweasel | FALSE | FALSE | FALSE |
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#+begin_src R
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test <- options()
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names(test[1:10])
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#+end_src
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#+RESULTS:
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| add.smooth |
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| bitmapType |
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| browser |
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| browserNLdisabled |
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| CBoundsCheck |
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| check.bounds |
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| citation.bibtex.max |
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| continue |
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| contrasts |
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| defaultPackages |
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: > option(browser = "iceweasel") # setting a browser
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The manuals can also be accessed using 'info' program in emacs, e.g.
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: C-h i
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Then use 'ALT' + 'm' and write the initial words of the manual you
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are looking for:
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: M m R
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All the R manual can be accesed. From ~$ man R~. Typing in terminal 'info -f' followed
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by the name of each section:
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* info -f R-intro
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* info -f R-data
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* info -f R-exts
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* info -f R-FAQ
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* info -f R-lang
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* info -f R-ints
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#+DATE: 2021
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* Using bbdb in emacs
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BBDB is the "Big Brother’s Insidious Database". It can be used as
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email/phone contacts address book.
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** How to install
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Install bbdb
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: M-x package-install bbdb
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Install "bbdb-vcard" to extract vcard information
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: M-x package-install bbdb-vcard
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Install helm-bbdb to query the database using ~helm~ package
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: M-x package-install helm-bbdb
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** How to create a new record
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: M-x bbdb-create
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Or use helm
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: M-x helm-bbdb
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Then, write the name of the new record. If it is not in the list, ~helm~ will ask
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if it should be included.
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** Importing records from vcard (phone or email)
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: M-x bbdb-vcard-import-file
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: M-x bbdb-save
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** Edit records
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Open bbdb and press "e" on the line to be edited in bbdb buffer. Or use:
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: M-x bbdb-edit-field
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** Display records
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: M-x bbdb-display-records
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: M-x bbdb-display-all-records
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: M-x helm-bbdb
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** Add birthdays to agenda
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Include this code in one of the agenda files:
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#+begin_example
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* Anniversaries
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:PROPERTIES:
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:CATEGORY: Anniv
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:END:
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%%(org-bbdb-anniversaries-future)
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#+end_example
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This includes a reminder 7 days before the birthday in the agenda.
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Then go to bbdb and add a new field
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: M-x bbdb-insert-field
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Now you can write the new field name "anniversary" and include a date for this
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field.
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#+DATE: 2021
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* Dired
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Dired is a directory manager. You can find, open copy, move, delete query and
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manipulate files and directories.
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** Open a directory with dired and initialize mark regxexp:
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: %m
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Then, use regex to mark the files.
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This will mark all the html files in directory
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: \.html$
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This includes all temporary files in dired
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: $~
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This marks all files beginning with "_78"
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: ^_78
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** Delete, copy, move files or directories
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- To delete, first flag the files ("d"). Then, use "x" to execute delete.
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- To compare two files, mark the first file, then go to the other file and press "="
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- To rename or move files first flag the file, then use "R"
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- Mark all files within a directory (except '.' or '..'): ~*s~
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- Unmark all marked files in directory: ~U~
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- To copy files use "C" over the file you want to copy
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- Convert files or directories to lower (~%l~) or upper case (~%u~)
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* Tips
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* 'f11' toggle full screen mode the current frame
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* ibuffer kill multiple buffers
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* After open a list of buffers "M-x ibuffer" mark itens with "m"
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and kill with "D"
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* Avoid ido auto complete to rename a file with similar name to those in directory
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* Once you've typed the filename you want, hit C-j instead of RET.
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* You can temporarily switch back to the "normal" minibuffer behaviour by hitting C-f. Then you can tab-complete the old filename, and edit it as needed.
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* From [[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23741014/how-to-stop-auto-complete-from-overwriting-a-file-that-is-similarly-named][Stackoverflow]]
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* To use ~nano~ editor within emacs use 'CTRL+shift+x' instead of 'CTRL+X'
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#+DATE: 2021
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#+OPTIONS: num:nil toc:2
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* Find manuals, info or help within emacs
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** info
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The info files are located in '/usr/share/'. Check the number of files
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in terminal:
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#+begin_src sh
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ls /usr/share/info/*info*gz | wc -l
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#+end_src
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#+RESULTS:
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: 231
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Within emacs, 'info' can be visited with 'CTRL-h i'. This opens a file with all
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the manuals.
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: C-h i
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To search for files within the manuals, you can use 'ALT' then 'm' (menu) and
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then 'some words you need to find'.
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To search 'awk' manual within info manuals:
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: M m awk
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** man
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Using the 'man' program to find available manuals
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: M-x man
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Then search for the desired manual within the options.
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** woman
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Using the 'woman' program to find available manuals
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: M-x woman
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Using the 'man' program to find available manuals
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#+DATE: 2021
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#+OPTIONS: num:nil toc:2
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* How to initialize emacs
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** Open a session from graphic interface
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Check you application lists and open emacs.
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** Initializing emacs with specific arguments from a shell
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To open emacs without user configurations, i.e., open a new vanila emacs session open a terminal emulator and write:
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#+begin_example bash
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emacs -Q
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#+end_example
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Debug when init:
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#+begin_example bash
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emacs --debug-init
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#+end_example
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Open emacs withtout using X windows:
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#+begin_example bash
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emacs -nw
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#+end_example
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#+DATE: 2021
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* Links to learn about Emacs
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** Emacs conference:
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* https://emacsconf.org/
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** Tutorial spacemacs
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* https://www.brodrigues.co/blog/2019-05-19-spacemacs/
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* https://github.com/ntop/n2n
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* https://orgmode.org/
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* https://github.com/ch11ng/exwm/wiki
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* https://writequit.org/denver-emacs/presentations/2017-04-11-time-clocking-with-org.html
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* [[https://org-babel.readthedocs.io/en/][Org Babel reference card]]
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** Org
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* https://orgmode.org/Changes.html
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** Other links
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* https://odysee.com/@SystemCrafters:e
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* https://wiki.systemcrafters.cc/
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* https://protesilaos.com/politics/
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#+DATE: 2021
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* Movement and text edition
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Deleting words or characters
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| Keybinding | Action |
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|------------+----------------------------------------------|
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| <DEL> | Delete the character just before the cursor |
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| C-d | Delete the next character after the cursor |
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| M-<DEL> | Kill the word immediately before the cursor |
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| M-d | Kill the next word after the cursor |
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| C-k | Kill from the cursor position to end of line |
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| M-k | Kill to the end of the current sentence |
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|------------+----------------------------------------------|
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#+DATE: 2021
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* org mode
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To opemn the org manual:
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: M-x org-info
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** Create task list and include date and time
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Save a ".org" file. Then write your tasks using "*" to show hierarchy or nesting
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structure in tasks.
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** Using Pomodoro in org mode
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- Install pomodoro
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: M-x [RET] package-install org-pomodoro
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- Initialize a clock in a task
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: M-x [RET] org-clock-in
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- Initialize pomodoro
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: M-x [RET] org-pomodoro
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** org-babel
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Reference for header arguments:
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https://org-babel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/header-args/
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** Org babel does not embedd R plot
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org version 9.3
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https://orgmode.org/Changes_old.html
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:file header argument no longer assume "file" :results
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The "file" :results value is now mandatory for a code block returning a link to a file.
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The :file or :file-ext header arguments no longer imply a "file" result is expected.
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[[https://emacs.stackexchange.com/questions/54695/no-graphic-output-for-matlab-src-block-in-org-mode?newreg=dc27c692d7d949989ba432459d370995][Answer in stackexchange]]
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** Include templates in org babel
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Use:
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: M-x org-insert-structure-template
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Or keybinding
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: C-c C,
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Then choose an option (src, example, center, comment)
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Or use org-tempo. To include a src code block in the document:
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: <s TAB
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Change the letter for each option that you need (a, C, c, E, e... for "export ascii",
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"comment", "example"...)
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#+DATE: 2021
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* How to organize, update and deal with 'packages' in emacs
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** How to update packages:
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Open emacs and then:
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- Go to package's list using
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: Mx - package-list-packages
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- Within the 'packages' buffer use "U" to mark the packages to be upgraded
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- Use "x" to execute the upgrade
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- To delete old versions of packages use "autoremove"
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: M-x package-autoremove
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Or:
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: M-x p-a
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** Package management with helm
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"Helm" is an alternative package to deal with packages in emacs.
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: M-x helm-list-elisp-packages
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| Keys | Description |
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|-------+-----------------------------------|
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| M-A | Show all packages. |
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| M-I | Show installed packages only. |
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| M-O | Show non-installed packages only. |
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| M-U | Show upgradable packages only. |
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| M-B | Show built-in packages only. |
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| C-c i | Install package(s). |
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| C-c r | Reinstall package(s). |
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| C-c d | Uninstall package(s). |
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| C-c u | Upgrade package(s). |
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| C-c U | Upgrade all packages. |
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| C-c @ | Visit package homepage. |
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* Emacs
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Emacs es un editor de texto modular y extensible, lo que permite que cada usuario
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pueda personalizar el editor según sus preferencias y usar los módulos ("paquetes")
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que desee para realizar tareas específicas. Es un proyecto de software libre con
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muchos años de desarrollo y cuenta con una comunidad activa.
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El editor puede ser usado para múltiples tareas. Entre ellas:
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- Editar archivos en diferentes lenguajes de programación
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- Acceder a un terminal y ejecutar tareas en una máquina
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- Escribir y editar textos y exportar en diferentes formatos (html, odt, pdf...)
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- Leer textos en diferentes formatos (pdf, epub, html...)
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- Elaborar presentaciones
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- Construir diagramas
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- Navegar en internet
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- Explorar el sistema de archivos de un computador
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- Elaborar y manejar una agenda, diario, lista de contactos, lista de tareas...
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- Organizar y manejar tareas o proyectos
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- Enviar correos electrónicos
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- Escuchar música y ver vídeos
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* Por qué usar emacs?
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Emacs es una herramienta flexible, liviana y que permite realizar múltiples tareas
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desde una sesión.
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Al escribir texto plano en emacs, las personas pueden enfocarse en el contenido y
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luego pensar en el formato de dicho texto, haciendo de la escritura una prioridad
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y separando esos dos momentos de la elaboración de textos.
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Textos planos son más livianos que otro tipo de texto, ocupan menos espacio y son
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simples para compartir y editar.
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Tal vez una de las grandes ventajas de usar emacs es que dicha herramienta
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es una manera didáctica para aprender sobre el funcionamiento de los computadores,
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sobre el sistema de archivos y sobre cómo elaborar tareas de manera sistemática y
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programática. Es una buena puerta de entrada para aprender, compartir y conocer
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el mundo del software libre.
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* Algunos paquetes interesantes para utilizar en emacs
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Emacs es un editor modular. Esto es: está compuesto por múltiples paquetes
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que pueden ser instalados para extender las funcionalidades del editor.
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** org mode
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Son un conjunto de herramientas para elaborar textos, tomar notas,
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realizar programación literaria y organizar tareas
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https://orgmode.org/
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** bbdb
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BBDB: "The Insidious Big Brother Database". Es un paquete que permite
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elaborar y manejar una agenda con contactos que pueden ser utilizados
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por servicios de correo electrónico.
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https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/BbdbMode
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** vterm (Emacs-libvterm)
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Es un emulador de terminal para emacs.
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||||
https://github.com/emacsmirror/vterm
|
||||
|
||||
** pdf-tools
|
||||
|
||||
Permite visualizar documentos en pdf en emacs.
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/politza/pdf-tools
|
||||
|
||||
** nov
|
||||
|
||||
Permite lectura de textos en formato epub
|
||||
|
||||
https://depp.brause.cc/nov.el/
|
||||
|
||||
** bongo
|
||||
|
||||
Paquete para escuchar música en emacs
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/dbrock/bongo
|
||||
|
||||
** elpy
|
||||
|
||||
Ambiente de desarrollo para python
|
||||
|
||||
https://elpy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
|
||||
|
||||
** emacs-ess
|
||||
|
||||
emacs-ess o "emacs speaks statistics" es un paquete que permite
|
||||
editar scripts e interactuar con diferentes programas de estadística
|
||||
como R, SAS, Stata, OpenBUGS.
|
||||
|
||||
https://ess.r-project.org/
|
||||
|
||||
** magit
|
||||
|
||||
Es una interface para el sistema de control de versiones "git".
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/magit/magit
|
||||
|
||||
** helm
|
||||
|
||||
Herramienta de búsqueda de archivos.
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/emacs-helm/helm
|
||||
|
||||
** treemacs
|
||||
|
||||
Un layout para navegar en los archivos de un computador desde
|
||||
emacs.
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/Alexander-Miller/treemacs
|
||||
|
||||
** polymode
|
||||
|
||||
Permite usar múltiples "modos" en un único buffer en emacs. Usando polymode,
|
||||
puede ser utilizado en el mismo documento tanto código de python como
|
||||
de SQL, o código de R junto a Rmarkdown. Esto facilita la ejecución de
|
||||
tareas que requieren de múltiples herramientas.
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/polymode
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
** org-pomodoro
|
||||
|
||||
Controlar el tiempo de trabajo usando la técnica "pomodoro" cuando
|
||||
se trabaja en documentos usando el modo org en emacs.
|
||||
|
||||
https://github.com/marcinkoziej/org-pomodoro
|
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|
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
|
|||
#+title: How to include references in Emacs org-mode
|
||||
#+bibliography: ~/Documentos/bib/lepto-ref.bib
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
https://blog.tecosaur.com/tmio/2021-07-31-citations.html#org367f817
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* Insert citations
|
||||
|
||||
Use 'org-cite-insert' (C-c C-x @)
|
||||
|
||||
[cite:/s/v/@bernard_leptospirosis_1993]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* References
|
||||
|
||||
org-ref
|
||||
https://github.com/jkitchin/org-ref
|
||||
|
||||
org-cite
|
||||
|
||||
https://blog.tecosaur.com/tmio/2021-07-31-citations.html#fn.3
|
||||
|
||||
#+print_bibliography:
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
|
|||
#+DATE: 2021
|
||||
|
||||
* Commands
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following keybindings to edit in emacs
|
||||
|
||||
* CTRL (C)
|
||||
* ALT (~M~)
|
||||
* CTRL + x (~C-x~)
|
||||
* ALT + x (~M-x~)
|
||||
|
||||
** Using 'Alt' (M)
|
||||
|
||||
#+Caption: Use meta 'M' (ALT key) in emacs
|
||||
|
||||
| Keystroke | Keystroke | Action |
|
||||
|-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------|
|
||||
| M | w | Copy text |
|
||||
| | v | Move view to begginning of buffer |
|
||||
| | a | Move to beginning of lines |
|
||||
| | e | Move to the end of lines |
|
||||
| | < | Move to beginning of buffer |
|
||||
| | > | Move to end of buffer |
|
||||
| | % | Query replace |
|
||||
| | Shift +$ | Spell-checking region [fn:1] |
|
||||
| | | |
|
||||
|
||||
* Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[fn:1] Should select the region to be checked before run the keystroke
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
|
|||
#+DATE: 2021
|
||||
|
||||
* Commands
|
||||
|
||||
Use CTRL (C), ALT (M), Ctrl + x (C-x) or ALT + x ( M-x) to edit
|
||||
|
||||
#+Caption: Some examples on how to use 'Ctrl' in emacs
|
||||
|
||||
| Keystroke | Keystroke | Action |
|
||||
|-----------+--------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------|
|
||||
| C | tab | Changing tab view |
|
||||
| | y | Yanking or paste |
|
||||
| | space | Marking text to select |
|
||||
| | w | Killing text |
|
||||
| | k | Killing text |
|
||||
| | shift/ | Undo |
|
||||
| | "/" | Undo |
|
||||
| | _ | Undo. Also Redo after an "undo" |
|
||||
| | v | Move to the end of buffer |
|
||||
| | l | Move view around cursor |
|
||||
| | p | Move to previous screen view |
|
||||
| | n | Move to next screen view |
|
||||
| | b | Move backwards screen view |
|
||||
| | f | Move forwards screen view |
|
||||
| | a | Move to beginning of sentence |
|
||||
| | e | Move to the end of sentence |
|
||||
| | s | Search forward for strings |
|
||||
| | s and then <DEL> | Search retreats |
|
||||
| | r | Search backward for strings |
|
||||
| | M-v ("ALT-v") | Scroll bottom frame |
|
||||
| | h | Help |
|
||||
| | h with - c - a "command" | Help for commands |
|
||||
| | h m | Display info on minor modes |
|
||||
| | c-C-j | Switch to line in Term mode |
|
||||
| | c-C-k | Swith to character in Term mode |
|
||||
| | h r | Opens the manual |
|
||||
| | c C-s | Scheduling a task in Todo list |
|
||||
| | c C-d | Including a deadline in Todo list |
|
||||
| | c C-x C-i | org-clock-in |
|
||||
| | c C-x C-o | org-clock-out |
|
||||
| | c C-c | Used to access markdown options |
|
||||
| | c [ | org-agenda-file-to-front |
|
||||
| | c ] | org-remove-file (from list agenda) |
|
||||
| | \ | Enable or disable input method |
|
||||
| | c-C-, | org-insert-structure-template |
|
||||
| | <s TAB | Insert structure template (src code) |
|
||||
| | u 'number' 'command' | Repeat command or character with 'number' of times [fn:2] |
|
||||
| | | |
|
||||
| | | |
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
* Footnotes
|
||||
|
||||
[fn:2] Use a number to inform the number of times the command or character should be repeated
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
|
|||
#+DATE: 2021
|
||||
|
||||
* Commands
|
||||
|
||||
Use CTRL (C), ALT (M), Ctrl + x (C-x) or ALT + x ( M-x) to edit
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
** Using "CTRL + x"
|
||||
|
||||
#+Caption: Some examples about how to use 'C-x' in emacs
|
||||
|
||||
| Keystroke | Keystroke | Action |
|
||||
|-----------+-----------+--------------------------------------|
|
||||
| C-x | k | Kill a buffer |
|
||||
| | b | Search a buffer |
|
||||
| | C-f | Find/open a file |
|
||||
| | C-b | List all buffers |
|
||||
| | C-c | Exit from emacs |
|
||||
| | C-s | Save a file |
|
||||
| | s | Save changes in buffers |
|
||||
| | u | Undo |
|
||||
| | o | Change to other frame |
|
||||
| | h | Select all text in buffer |
|
||||
| | C-q | Enter writable mode in dired |
|
||||
| | C-s | Saves after edit dired |
|
||||
| | d | Initialize dired |
|
||||
| | c-\ | Select input method |
|
||||
| | C-h | Keybindings for "C-x |
|
||||
| | t 2 | New tab |
|
||||
| | t b | Select buffer name in other tab |
|
||||
| | r m | Set a bookmark in a file at point |
|
||||
| | r l | List all bookmarks |
|
||||
| | r b | Visit bookmarks list |
|
||||
| | x-w | Write a file |
|
||||
| | r t | string-rectangle: include characters |
|
||||
| | i | insert a file within the actual file |
|
||||
| | C- | Reduce buffer text size |
|
||||
| | C+ | Increase buffer text size |
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
|||
#+DATE: 2021
|
||||
|
||||
* Commands
|
||||
|
||||
Use the following keybindings to edit in emacs
|
||||
|
||||
* CTRL (C)
|
||||
* ALT (~M~)
|
||||
* CTRL + x (~C-x~)
|
||||
* ALT + x (~M-x~)
|
||||
|
||||
** Using 'meta' "M-x"
|
||||
|
||||
#+Caption: Some examples on how to use se 'M-x' in emacs
|
||||
|
||||
| Keystroke | Command | Action |
|
||||
|-----------+----------------------------------+-----------------------------------------|
|
||||
| M-x | tab-new | New tab |
|
||||
| | tab-rename | Rename tab |
|
||||
| | menu- | Modifying menu |
|
||||
| | menu-bar-mode | Including a menu bar |
|
||||
| | ido-mode | Work with "ido-mode" |
|
||||
| | org-mode | Work with "org-mode" |
|
||||
| | eww | Browse the web |
|
||||
| | browse-url | Browse the web |
|
||||
| | term | Open a terminal |
|
||||
| | shell | Open shell |
|
||||
| | rename-uniquely | Rename an open terminal |
|
||||
| | dired | Acess directory system |
|
||||
| | appt-activate | Appointment reminders activated |
|
||||
| | appt-add | Add an appointment |
|
||||
| | appt-delete | Delete an appointment |
|
||||
| | customize | Customize Emacs |
|
||||
| | customize-themes | Customize themes |
|
||||
| | rename-file | Renaming a file |
|
||||
| | diary | Open diary |
|
||||
| | ispell-change-dictionary | Change dictionary for session |
|
||||
| | flyspell-mode | Using flyspell |
|
||||
| | nov-mode | Open nov epub reader |
|
||||
| | org-odt-convert | convert from odt to multiple formats |
|
||||
| | org-clock-report | Creates a clocktable |
|
||||
| | f10 | maximize current frame |
|
||||
| | set-input-method | Change keyboard layout |
|
||||
| | dired | Initialize dired |
|
||||
| | delete-trailing-whitespace | Delete unnecessary space in text |
|
||||
| | imenu | Interactive menu |
|
||||
| | helm-imenu | Interactive menu with helm |
|
||||
| | ibuffer | Open interactive list of buffers |
|
||||
| | helm-buffers-list | Open interactive list of buffers |
|
||||
| | find-name-dired | Search for a word recursively |
|
||||
| | find-grep-dired | Search grep in dired |
|
||||
| | helm-find | Search for a word in file recursively |
|
||||
| | helm-list-elisp-packages | Show package list with multiple options |
|
||||
| | visual-line-mode | Wrap text to screen width |
|
||||
| | revert-buffer-with-coding-system | Change encoding for this buffer |
|
||||
| | org-insert-structure-template | Insert template in org files |
|
||||
| | org-insert-link | Insert a link |
|
||||
| | org-store-link | Store a link in org mode |
|
||||
| | treemacs-resize-icons | Resize icons in treemacs (default 22 |
|
||||
| | describe-mode | Describes ative minor mode |
|
||||
| | comment-region | comment the region |
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue