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hacktricks/todo/radio-hacking/flipper-zero/fz-sub-ghz.md

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FZ - Sub-GHz

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Intro

Flipper Zero can receive and transmit radio frequencies in the range of 300-928 MHz with its built-in module, which can read, save, and emulate remote controls. These controls are used for interaction with gates, barriers, radio locks, remote control switches, wireless doorbells, smart lights, and more. Flipper Zero can help you to learn if your security is compromised.

Sub-GHz hardware

Flipper Zero has a built-in sub-1 GHz module based on a CC1101 chip and a radio antenna (the maximum range is 50 meters). Both the CC1101 chip and the antenna are designed to operate at frequencies in the 300-348 MHz, 387-464 MHz, and 779-928 MHz bands.

Actions

Frequency Analyser

{% hint style="info" %} How to find which frequency is the remote using {% endhint %}

When analysing, Flipper Zero is scanning signals strength (RSSI) at all the frequencies available in frequency configuration. Flipper Zero displays the frequency with the highest RSSI value, with signal strength higher than -90 dBm.

To determine the remote's frequency, do the following:

  1. Place the remote control very close to the left of Flipper Zero.
  2. Go to Main Menu → Sub-GHz.
  3. Select Frequency Analyzer, then press and hold the button on the remote control you want to analyze.
  4. Review the frequency value on the screen.

Read

{% hint style="info" %} Find info about the frequency used (also another way to find which frequency is used) {% endhint %}

The Read option listens on the configured frequency on the indicated modulation: 433.92 AM by default. If something is found when reading, info is given in the screen. This info could be use to replicate the signal in the future.

While Read is in use, it's possible to press the left button and configure it.
At this moment it has 4 modulations (AM270, AM650, FM328 and FM476), and several relevant frequencies stored:

You can set any that interests you, however, if you are not sure which frequency could be the one used by the remote you have, set Hopping to ON (Off by default), and press the button several times until Flipper captures it and give you the info you need to set the frequency.

{% hint style="danger" %} Switching between frequencies takes some time, therefore signals transmitted at the time of switching can be missed. For better signal reception, set a fixed frequency determined by Frequency Analyzer. {% endhint %}

Read Raw

{% hint style="info" %} Steal (and replay) a signal in the configured frequency {% endhint %}

The Read Raw option records signals send in the listening frequency. This can be used to steal a signal and repeat it.

By default Read Raw is also in 433.92 in AM650, but if with the Read option you found that the signal that interest you is in a different frequency/modulation, you can also modify that pressing left (while inside the Read Raw option).

Brute-Force

If you know the protocol used for example by the garage door it's possible to generate all the codes and send them with the Flipper Zero. This is an example that support general common types of garages: https://github.com/tobiabocchi/flipperzero-bruteforce****

Add Manually

{% hint style="info" %} Add signals from a configured list of protocols {% endhint %}

List of supported protocols

Princeton_433 (works with the majority of static code systems) 433.92 Static
Nice Flo 12bit_433 433.92 Static
Nice Flo 24bit_433 433.92 Static
CAME 12bit_433 433.92 Static
CAME 24bit_433 433.92 Static
Linear_300 300.00 Static
CAME TWEE 433.92 Static
Gate TX_433 433.92 Static
DoorHan_315 315.00 Dynamic
DoorHan_433 433.92 Dynamic
LiftMaster_315 315.00 Dynamic
LiftMaster_390 390.00 Dynamic
Security+2.0_310 310.00 Dynamic
Security+2.0_315 315.00 Dynamic
Security+2.0_390 390.00 Dynamic

Supported Sub-GHz vendors

Check the list in https://docs.flipperzero.one/sub-ghz/supported-vendors

Supported Frequencies by region

Check the list in https://docs.flipperzero.one/sub-ghz/frequencies

Test

{% hint style="info" %} Get dBms of the saved frequencies {% endhint %}

Reference

Find vulnerabilities that matter most so you can fix them faster. Intruder tracks your attack surface, runs proactive threat scans, finds issues across your whole tech stack, from APIs to web apps and cloud systems. Try it for free today.

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