mirror of
https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks.git
synced 2023-12-14 19:12:55 +01:00
71 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
71 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
|
||
|
||
<details>
|
||
|
||
<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
|
||
|
||
Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
||
|
||
Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
||
|
||
Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
||
|
||
**Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
|
||
|
||
**Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
|
||
# Bootloader testing
|
||
|
||
Copied from [https://scriptingxss.gitbook.io/firmware-security-testing-methodology/](https://scriptingxss.gitbook.io/firmware-security-testing-methodology/)
|
||
|
||
When modifying device start up and bootloaders such as U-boot, attempt the following:
|
||
|
||
* Attempt to access the bootloaders interpreter shell by pressing "0", space or other identified “magic codes” during boot.
|
||
* Modify configurations to execute a shell command such as adding '`init=/bin/sh`' at the end of boot arguments
|
||
* `#printenv`
|
||
* `#setenv bootargs=console=ttyS0,115200 mem=63M root=/dev/mtdblock3`
|
||
* `mtdparts=sflash:<partitiionInfo> rootfstype=<fstype> hasEeprom=0 5srst=0 int=/bin/sh`
|
||
* `#saveenv`
|
||
* `#boot`
|
||
* Setup a tftp server to load images over the network locally from your workstation. Ensure the device has network access.
|
||
* `#setenv ipaddr 192.168.2.2 #local IP of the device`
|
||
* `#setenv serverip 192.168.2.1 #tftp server IP`
|
||
* `#saveenv`
|
||
* `#reset`
|
||
* `#ping 192.168.2.1 #check if network access is available`
|
||
* `#tftp ${loadaddr} uImage-3.6.35 #loadaddr takes two arguments: the address to load the file into and the filename of the image on the TFTP server`
|
||
* Use `ubootwrite.py` to write the uboot-image and push a modified firmware to gain root
|
||
* Check for enabled debug features such as:
|
||
* verbose logging
|
||
* loading arbitrary kernels
|
||
* booting from untrusted sources
|
||
* \*Use caution: Connect one pin to ground, watch device boot up sequence, before the kernel decompresses, short/connect the grounded pin to a data pin (DO) on an SPI flash chip
|
||
* \*Use caution: Connect one pin to ground, watch device boot up sequence, before the kernel decompresses, short/connect the grounded pin to pins 8 and 9 of the NAND flash chip at the moment U-boot decompresses the UBI image
|
||
* \*Review the NAND flash chip’s datasheet prior to shorting pins
|
||
* Configure a rogue DHCP server with malicious parameters as input for a device to ingest during a PXE boot
|
||
* Use Metasploit’s (MSF) DHCP auxiliary server and modify the ‘`FILENAME`’ parameter with command injection commands such as `‘a";/bin/sh;#’` to test input validation for device startup procedures.
|
||
|
||
\*Hardware security testing
|
||
|
||
|
||
<details>
|
||
|
||
<summary><strong>Support HackTricks and get benefits!</strong></summary>
|
||
|
||
Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
|
||
|
||
Discover [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), our collection of exclusive [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
|
||
|
||
Get the [**official PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
|
||
|
||
**Join the** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord group**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) or the [**telegram group**](https://t.me/peass) or **follow** me on **Twitter** [**🐦**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/7af18b62b3bdc423e11444677a6a73d4043511e9/\[https:/emojipedia.org/bird/README.md)[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/carlospolopm)**.**
|
||
|
||
**Share your hacking tricks submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks github repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**.**
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
|