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373 lines
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<title>GNU Guix</title>
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<meta name="author" content="Clément Lassieur & Mathieu Othacehe"/>
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<div class="reveal">
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<div class="slides">
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<section id="sec-title-slide">
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<h1 class="title">GNU Guix</h1><h2 class="author">Clément Lassieur & Mathieu Othacehe</h2><p class="date">Created: 2019-03-19 mar. 17:32</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section id="slide-org9120439">
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<h2 id="org9120439"><span class="section-number-2">1</span> Gestion de paquets sous GNU/Linux</h2>
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<div class="outline-text-2" id="text-1">
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</div>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-orge64bef8">
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<h3 id="orge64bef8"><span class="section-number-3">1.1</span> Un écosystème complexe</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear">Les distributions historiques sont en perte de vitesse</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Chaque language implémente son propre "package manager" : pip,
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Cargo, Cabal, npm</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">D'autres types d'outils apparaissent</li>
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</ul>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear">Pour les développeurs : VirtualEnv, Spack, EasyBuild</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Pour les administrateurs : Ansible, Puppet, Propellor</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Pour tous : Flatpak, snap, Docker, Vagrant</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-org8ab3449">
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<h3 id="org8ab3449"><span class="section-number-3">1.2</span> Qui ne répond pas à tous les problèmes</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Tout conteneuriser ?
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >“Debian and other distributions
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are going to be that thing you
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run docker on, little more.”
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Jos Poortvliet, développeur ownCloud
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Qualité des paquets</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Opacité, manque de flexibilité</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Manque d'outils de développement</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-orgef08ac1">
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<h3 id="orgef08ac1"><span class="section-number-3">1.3</span> Sommes-nous fichus ?</h3>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-org7192e6c" data-background="./images/Guix_logo.svg.png" data-background-size="800px">
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<h3 id="org7192e6c"><span class="section-number-3">1.4</span> Non !</h3>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section id="slide-orga21ab7d">
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<h2 id="orga21ab7d"><span class="section-number-2">2</span> Guix</h2>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear">Peut être vu comme un package manager</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Ensemble d'outils pour faire du déploiement de logiciels et de systèmes</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-orgb9ea19f">
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<h3 id="orgb9ea19f"><span class="section-number-3">2.1</span> Paquets</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Pas besoin d'être root
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >guix package -i gcc-toolchain openmpi hwloc
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Transactionnel
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >guix package --roll-back
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Permet d'expérimenter
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >guix package --profile=./experiment -i gcc-toolchain@5.5 hwloc@1
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Gestion des paquets (version control)
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >guix package --manifest=my-packages.scm
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</code></pre>
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</div>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" scheme >(specifications->manifest
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'("gcc-toolchain"
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"emacs"
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"guile"
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"emacs-geiser"))
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-org6c5d276">
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<h3 id="org6c5d276"><span class="section-number-3">2.2</span> Environnement</h3>
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<div class="outline-text-3" id="text-2-2">
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</div>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-org09eca3b">
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<h4 id="org09eca3b"><span class="section-number-4">2.2.1</span> Reproduction</h4>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Je me fais mon environnement de travail
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >bob@laptop$ guix package --manifest=my-packages.scm
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Quelle version de Guix j'utilise ?
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >bob@laptop$ guix describe
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guix cabba9e
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repository URL: https://git.sv.gnu.org/git/guix.git
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commit: cabba9e15900d20927c1f69c6c87d7d2a62040fe
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Alice peut le reproduire exactement
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >alice@laptop$ guix pull --commit=cabba9e
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alice@laptop$ guix package --manifest=my-packages.scm
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-orga134cfc">
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<h4 id="orga134cfc"><span class="section-number-4">2.2.2</span> Facile de hacker GNU hello</h4>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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On le télécharge
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >guix build -S hello
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/gnu/store/...-hello-2.10.tar.gz
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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'guix environment' donne tous les outils nécessaires pour le compiler (gcc, make…)
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >~/hello-2.10$ guix environment hello
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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On compile
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >~/hello-2.10$ ./configure && make
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-org58b15d5">
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<h4 id="org58b15d5"><span class="section-number-4">2.2.3</span> Tester un paquet Python sans rien installer</h4>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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On se met dans le bon environnement
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >~$ guix environment --ad-hoc python python-numpy
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Et on fait notre test
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >~$ python3
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>>> import numpy
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-orgc892f10">
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<h3 id="orgc892f10"><span class="section-number-3">2.3</span> Système</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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On déclare tout ce qu'on veut avoir dans notre système
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" scheme >(operating-system
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(host-name "schememachine")
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(timezone "Europe/Paris")
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(locale "fr_FR.utf8")
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(bootloader (\alert{bootloader-configuration}
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(bootloader grub-efi-bootloader)
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(target "/boot/efi")))
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(file-systems (cons (\alert{file-system}
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(device (file-system-label "my-root"))
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(mount-point "/")
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(type "ext4"))
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%base-file-systems))
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(users (cons (\alert{user-account}
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(name "charlie")
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(group "users")
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(home-directory "/home/charlie"))
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%base-user-accounts))
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(services (cons* (\alert{service} dhcp-client-service-type)
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(\alert{service} openssh-service-type)
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%base-services)))
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear"><p>
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Et on instancie, un peu à la Ansible
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</p>
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<div class="org-src-container">
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<pre><code class="" bash >guix system build config.scm
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guix system vm config.scm
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guix system container config.scm
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guix system reconfigure config.scm
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</code></pre>
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</div></li>
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<li class="fragment appear">On peut déployer ça n'importe où</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="slide-org324e2ce">
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<h3 id="org324e2ce"><span class="section-number-3">2.4</span> Liberté, Sécurité</h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear">Builds reproductibles
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<ul>
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<li>On veut que le binaire corresponde à sa source</li>
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<li>On veut pouvoir recompiler le logiciel</li>
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<li>Guix fournit des outils comme 'guix challenge'</li>
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</ul></li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Bootstrappable builds
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<ul>
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<li>On évite de dépendre de gros binaires opaques</li>
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</ul></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section id="slide-org0a616b0">
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<h2 id="org0a616b0"><span class="section-number-2">3</span> L'avenir de GNU Guix</h2>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear">Version 1.0</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">De nouveaux paquets, importeurs, updaters</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Un installateur graphique</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Un installateur vraiment graphique</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Une interface utilisateur améliorée</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">La modification de paquets depuis l'interface en ligne de commande</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Une ferme de compilation plus robuste</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Un meilleur support d'ARM et d'autres architectures</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section id="slide-org3883b61">
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<h2 id="org3883b61"><span class="section-number-2">4</span> Facilité de contribuer</h2>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section id="slide-orgaed687f">
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<h2 id="orgaed687f"><span class="section-number-2">5</span> Le financement de GNU Guix</h2>
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<ul>
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<li class="fragment appear">Dons via la FSF</li>
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<li class="fragment appear">Hébergement, maintenance et amélioration de la ferme de compilation</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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