oxen-core/src/blockchain_db/blockchain_db.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2014-2019, The Monero Project
// Copyright (c)      2018, The Loki Project
// 
// All rights reserved.
// 
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are
// permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
// 
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of
//    conditions and the following disclaimer.
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// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list
//    of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
//    materials provided with the distribution.
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// 3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors may be
//    used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
//    prior written permission.
// 
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY
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#include "cryptonote_core/service_node_rules.h"
#include "checkpoints/checkpoints.h"
#include "string_tools.h"
#include "blockchain_db.h"
#include "cryptonote_basic/cryptonote_format_utils.h"
#include "profile_tools.h"
#include "ringct/rctOps.h"
#include "common/hex.h"

#include "lmdb/db_lmdb.h"

#undef LOKI_DEFAULT_LOG_CATEGORY
#define LOKI_DEFAULT_LOG_CATEGORY "blockchain.db"

namespace cryptonote
{

const command_line::arg_descriptor<std::string> arg_db_sync_mode = {
  "db-sync-mode"
, "Specify sync option, using format [safe|fast|fastest]:[sync|async]:[<nblocks_per_sync>[blocks]|<nbytes_per_sync>[bytes]]." 
, "fast:async:250000000bytes"
};
const command_line::arg_descriptor<bool> arg_db_salvage  = {
  "db-salvage"
, "Try to salvage a blockchain database if it seems corrupted"
, false
};

BlockchainDB *new_db()
{
  return new BlockchainLMDB();
}

void BlockchainDB::init_options(boost::program_options::options_description& desc)
{
  command_line::add_arg(desc, arg_db_sync_mode);
  command_line::add_arg(desc, arg_db_salvage);
}

void BlockchainDB::pop_block()
{
  block blk;
  std::vector<transaction> txs;
  pop_block(blk, txs);
}

void BlockchainDB::add_transaction(const crypto::hash& blk_hash, const std::pair<transaction, blobdata>& txp, const crypto::hash* tx_hash_ptr, const crypto::hash* tx_prunable_hash_ptr)
{
  const transaction &tx = txp.first;

  bool miner_tx = false;
  crypto::hash tx_hash, tx_prunable_hash;
  if (!tx_hash_ptr)
  {
    // should only need to compute hash for miner transactions
    tx_hash = get_transaction_hash(tx);
    LOG_PRINT_L3("null tx_hash_ptr - needed to compute: " << tx_hash);
  }
  else
  {
    tx_hash = *tx_hash_ptr;
  }

  bool has_blacklisted_outputs = false;
  if (tx.version >= cryptonote::txversion::v2_ringct)
  {
    if (!tx_prunable_hash_ptr)
      tx_prunable_hash = get_transaction_prunable_hash(tx, &txp.second);
    else
      tx_prunable_hash = *tx_prunable_hash_ptr;

    crypto::secret_key secret_tx_key;
    cryptonote::account_public_address address;
    if (get_tx_secret_key_from_tx_extra(tx.extra, secret_tx_key) && get_service_node_contributor_from_tx_extra(tx.extra, address))
      has_blacklisted_outputs = true;
  }

  for (const txin_v& tx_input : tx.vin)
  {
    if (std::holds_alternative<txin_to_key>(tx_input))
    {
      add_spent_key(var::get<txin_to_key>(tx_input).k_image);
    }
    else if (std::holds_alternative<txin_gen>(tx_input))
    {
      /* nothing to do here */
      miner_tx = true;
    }
    else
    {
      LOG_PRINT_L1("Unsupported input type, removing key images and aborting transaction addition");
      for (const txin_v& tx_input : tx.vin)
      {
        if (std::holds_alternative<txin_to_key>(tx_input))
        {
          remove_spent_key(var::get<txin_to_key>(tx_input).k_image);
        }
      }
      return;
    }
  }

  uint64_t tx_id = add_transaction_data(blk_hash, txp, tx_hash, tx_prunable_hash);

  std::vector<uint64_t> amount_output_indices(tx.vout.size());

  // iterate tx.vout using indices instead of C++11 foreach syntax because
  // we need the index
  for (uint64_t i = 0; i < tx.vout.size(); ++i)
  {
    uint64_t unlock_time = 0;
    if (tx.version >= cryptonote::txversion::v3_per_output_unlock_times)
    {
      unlock_time = tx.output_unlock_times[i];
    }
    else
    {
      unlock_time = tx.unlock_time;
    }

    // miner v2 txes have their coinbase output in one single out to save space,
    // and we store them as rct outputs with an identity mask
    if (miner_tx && tx.version >= cryptonote::txversion::v2_ringct)
    {
      cryptonote::tx_out vout = tx.vout[i];
      const rct::key commitment = rct::zeroCommit(vout.amount);
      vout.amount = 0;
      amount_output_indices[i] = add_output(tx_hash, vout, i, unlock_time,
        &commitment);
    }
    else
    {
      amount_output_indices[i] = add_output(tx_hash, tx.vout[i], i, unlock_time,
        tx.version >= cryptonote::txversion::v2_ringct ? &tx.rct_signatures.outPk[i].mask : NULL);
    }
  }

  if (has_blacklisted_outputs)
    add_output_blacklist(amount_output_indices);

  add_tx_amount_output_indices(tx_id, amount_output_indices);
}

uint64_t BlockchainDB::add_block( const std::pair<block, blobdata>& blck
                                , size_t block_weight
                                , uint64_t long_term_block_weight
                                , const difficulty_type& cumulative_difficulty
                                , const uint64_t& coins_generated
                                , const std::vector<std::pair<transaction, blobdata>>& txs
                                )
{
  const block &blk = blck.first;

  // sanity
  if (blk.tx_hashes.size() != txs.size())
    throw std::runtime_error("Inconsistent tx/hashes sizes");

  TIME_MEASURE_START(time1);
  crypto::hash blk_hash = get_block_hash(blk);
  TIME_MEASURE_FINISH(time1);
  time_blk_hash += time1;

  uint64_t prev_height = height();

  // call out to add the transactions

  time1 = epee::misc_utils::get_tick_count();

  uint64_t num_rct_outs = 0;
  add_transaction(blk_hash, std::make_pair(blk.miner_tx, tx_to_blob(blk.miner_tx)));
  if (blk.miner_tx.version >= cryptonote::txversion::v2_ringct)
    num_rct_outs += blk.miner_tx.vout.size();

  int tx_i = 0;
  crypto::hash tx_hash = crypto::null_hash;
  for (const std::pair<transaction, blobdata>& tx : txs)
  {
    tx_hash = blk.tx_hashes[tx_i];
    add_transaction(blk_hash, tx, &tx_hash);
    for (const auto &vout: tx.first.vout)
    {
      if (vout.amount == 0)
        ++num_rct_outs;
    }
    ++tx_i;
  }
  TIME_MEASURE_FINISH(time1);
  time_add_transaction += time1;

  // call out to subclass implementation to add the block & metadata
  time1 = epee::misc_utils::get_tick_count();
  add_block(blk, block_weight, long_term_block_weight, cumulative_difficulty, coins_generated, num_rct_outs, blk_hash);
  TIME_MEASURE_FINISH(time1);
  time_add_block1 += time1;

  m_hardfork->add(blk, prev_height);

  ++num_calls;

  return prev_height;
}

void BlockchainDB::set_hard_fork(HardFork* hf)
{
  m_hardfork = hf;
}

void BlockchainDB::pop_block(block& blk, std::vector<transaction>& txs)
{
  blk = get_top_block();

  remove_block();

  for (auto it = blk.tx_hashes.rbegin(); it != blk.tx_hashes.rend(); ++it)
  {
    auto& h = *it;
    cryptonote::transaction tx;
    if (!get_tx(h, tx) && !get_pruned_tx(h, tx))
      throw DB_ERROR("Failed to get pruned or unpruned transaction from the db");
    txs.push_back(std::move(tx));
    remove_transaction(h);
  }
  remove_transaction(get_transaction_hash(blk.miner_tx));
}

void BlockchainDB::remove_transaction(const crypto::hash& tx_hash)
{
  transaction tx = get_pruned_tx(tx_hash);

  for (const txin_v& tx_input : tx.vin)
  {
    if (std::holds_alternative<txin_to_key>(tx_input))
    {
      remove_spent_key(var::get<txin_to_key>(tx_input).k_image);
    }
  }

  // need tx as tx.vout has the tx outputs, and the output amounts are needed
  remove_transaction_data(tx_hash, tx);
}

block_header BlockchainDB::get_block_header(const crypto::hash& h) const
{
  block_header b = get_block_header_from_height(get_block_height(h));
  return b;
}

block BlockchainDB::get_block(const crypto::hash& h) const
{
  block b = get_block_from_height(get_block_height(h));
  return b;
}

bool BlockchainDB::get_tx(const crypto::hash& h, cryptonote::transaction &tx) const
{
  blobdata bd;
  if (!get_tx_blob(h, bd))
    return false;
  if (!parse_and_validate_tx_from_blob(bd, tx))
    throw DB_ERROR("Failed to parse transaction from blob retrieved from the db");

  return true;
}

bool BlockchainDB::get_pruned_tx(const crypto::hash& h, cryptonote::transaction &tx) const
{
  blobdata bd;
  if (!get_pruned_tx_blob(h, bd))
    return false;
  if (!parse_and_validate_tx_base_from_blob(bd, tx))
    throw DB_ERROR("Failed to parse transaction base from blob retrieved from the db");

  return true;
}

transaction BlockchainDB::get_tx(const crypto::hash& h) const
{
  transaction tx;
  if (!get_tx(h, tx))
    throw TX_DNE("tx with hash " + tools::type_to_hex(h) + " not found in db");
  return tx;
}

uint64_t BlockchainDB::get_output_unlock_time(const uint64_t amount, const uint64_t amount_index) const
{
  output_data_t odata = get_output_key(amount, amount_index);
  return odata.unlock_time;
}

transaction BlockchainDB::get_pruned_tx(const crypto::hash& h) const
{
  transaction tx;
  if (!get_pruned_tx(h, tx))
    throw TX_DNE("pruned tx with hash " + tools::type_to_hex(h) + " not found in db");
  return tx;
}

void BlockchainDB::reset_stats()
{
  num_calls = 0;
  time_blk_hash = 0;
  time_tx_exists = 0;
  time_add_block1 = 0;
  time_add_transaction = 0;
  time_commit1 = 0;
}

void BlockchainDB::show_stats()
{
  LOG_PRINT_L1("\n"
    << "*********************************\n"
    << "num_calls: " << num_calls << "\n"
    << "time_blk_hash: " << time_blk_hash << "ms\n"
    << "time_tx_exists: " << time_tx_exists << "ms\n"
    << "time_add_block1: " << time_add_block1 << "ms\n"
    << "time_add_transaction: " << time_add_transaction << "ms\n"
    << "time_commit1: " << time_commit1 << "ms\n"
    << "*********************************\n"
  );
}

void BlockchainDB::fixup(cryptonote::network_type)
{
  if (is_read_only()) {
    LOG_PRINT_L1("Database is opened read only - skipping fixup check");
    return;
  }

  set_batch_transactions(true);
}

bool BlockchainDB::get_immutable_checkpoint(checkpoint_t *immutable_checkpoint, uint64_t block_height) const
{
  size_t constexpr NUM_CHECKPOINTS = service_nodes::CHECKPOINT_NUM_CHECKPOINTS_FOR_CHAIN_FINALITY;
  static_assert(NUM_CHECKPOINTS == 2,
                "Expect checkpoint finality to be 2, otherwise the immutable logic needs to check for any hardcoded "
                "checkpoints inbetween");

  std::vector<checkpoint_t> checkpoints = get_checkpoints_range(block_height, 0, NUM_CHECKPOINTS);

  if (checkpoints.empty())
    return false;

  checkpoint_t *checkpoint_ptr = nullptr;
  if (checkpoints[0].type != checkpoint_type::service_node) // checkpoint[0] is the first closest checkpoint that is <= my height
  {
    checkpoint_ptr = &checkpoints[0]; // Must be hard-coded then, always immutable
  }
  else if (checkpoints.size() == NUM_CHECKPOINTS)
  {
    // NOTE: The first checkpoint is a service node checkpoint. Go back
    // 1 checkpoint, which will either be another service node checkpoint or
    // a predefined one.
    checkpoint_ptr = &checkpoints[1];
  }
  else
  {
    return false; // NOTE: Only one service node checkpoint recorded, we can override this checkpoint.
  }

  if (immutable_checkpoint)
    *immutable_checkpoint = std::move(*checkpoint_ptr);

  return true;
}

uint64_t BlockchainDB::get_tx_block_height(const crypto::hash &h) const
{
  auto result = get_tx_block_heights({{h}}).front();
  if (result == std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())
  {
    std::string err = "tx_data_t with hash " + tools::type_to_hex(h) + " not found in db";
    LOG_PRINT_L1(err);
    throw TX_DNE(std::move(err));
  }
  return result;
}

bool BlockchainDB::get_alt_block_header(const crypto::hash &blkid, alt_block_data_t *data, cryptonote::block_header *header, cryptonote::blobdata *checkpoint) const
{
  cryptonote::blobdata blob;
  if (!get_alt_block(blkid, data, &blob, checkpoint))
  {
    throw BLOCK_DNE("Alt-block with hash " + tools::type_to_hex(blkid) + " not found in db");
    return false;
  }

  try
  {
    serialization::binary_string_unarchiver ba{blob};
    serialization::value(ba, *header);
  }
  catch(std::exception &e)
  {
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

void BlockchainDB::fill_timestamps_and_difficulties_for_pow(cryptonote::network_type nettype,
                                                            std::vector<uint64_t> &timestamps,
                                                            std::vector<uint64_t> &difficulties,
                                                            uint64_t chain_height,
                                                            uint64_t timestamps_difficulty_height) const
{
  constexpr uint64_t MIN_CHAIN_HEIGHT = 2;
  if (chain_height < MIN_CHAIN_HEIGHT)
    return;

  uint64_t const top_block_height   = chain_height - 1;
  static const uint64_t hf16_height = HardFork::get_hardcoded_hard_fork_height(nettype, cryptonote::network_version_16_pulse);
  bool const before_hf16            = chain_height < hf16_height;
  uint64_t const block_count        = DIFFICULTY_BLOCKS_COUNT(before_hf16);

  timestamps.reserve(block_count);
  difficulties.reserve(block_count);

  if (timestamps_difficulty_height == 0 ||
      (chain_height - timestamps_difficulty_height) != 1 ||
      timestamps.size()   > block_count ||
      difficulties.size() > block_count)
  {
    // Cache invalidated.
    timestamps.clear();
    difficulties.clear();

    // Fill missing timestamps/difficulties, up to one before the latest (latest is added below).
    uint64_t start_height = chain_height - std::min<size_t>(chain_height, block_count);
    start_height          = std::max<uint64_t>(start_height, 1);

    for (uint64_t block_height = start_height; block_height < (chain_height - 1) /*skip latest block*/; block_height++)
    {
      timestamps.push_back(get_block_timestamp(block_height));
      difficulties.push_back(get_block_cumulative_difficulty(block_height));
    }
  }

  // Add latest timestamp/difficulty
  add_timestamp_and_difficulty(nettype,
                               chain_height,
                               timestamps,
                               difficulties,
                               get_block_timestamp(top_block_height),
                               get_block_cumulative_difficulty(top_block_height));

}


}  // namespace cryptonote